Compliance Is Critical For Creating Confidence In Real-World Assets
Traditional financial institutions have become enamored with the idea of tokenized real-world assets, which allow physical assets such as gold, diamonds and real estate to be traded on the blockchain. Known as “RWAs”, they’re a new breed of digital token that can democratize asset ownership and dramatically increase access.
Yet, if RWAs are to become a viable financial instrument, there’s an urgent need to ensure trust and transparency. Without concrete regulations, RWAs will remain legally ambiguous, leaving investors at risk of being exploited, and projects exposed to the risk of shutdown on the whims of regulatory authorities.
The Need For Trust
Trust is absolutely essential for tokenized assets. When someone buys asset-backed tokens, they are going to need assurance that the tokens they hold really do give them full, legal rights to the underlying asset. With this kind of trust, RWAs can flourish, but without it, they’ll never become anything more than a niche investment.
To build this trust, RWAs need to be regulated, as this is what brings them legitimacy. Regulations must define how real-world assets are tokenized, stored and transferred, and spell out the rights and responsibilities of token holders. Such clarity will ensure the long-term stability of RWA projects by protecting those who invest in them, making them more attractive to institutional investors.
Blockchain itself is not enough to ensure this level of trust. While blockchains are great at securing the tokens that live on them, they cannot prove that those assets are actually linked to any physical asset. The problem with blockchains is that they’re designed to verify on-chain transactions, but they cannot do so for off-chain truths. For instance, it cannot prove that the property linked to an RWA is in the condition advertised, it cannot demonstrate that a tokenized commodity is authentic, and it cannot ensure that legal obligations have been fulfilled.
Andrei Grachev, managing partner of the collateral infrastructure provider Falcon Finance, said this limitation of blockchains creates a huge trust gap for decentralized markets, where tokenized assets are bought and sold between third parties with no prior relationship.
“Putting traditional assets on-chain is not enough,” Grachev explained. “The real challenge is designing the full system they need to move through – who issues them, how they settle, and how they generate returns.”
What Goes Into Compliance?
Achieving compliance may seem like a daunting challenge, but RWAs have been around for several years already, helping to shape an emerging framework that newer projects can follow to create a high degree of trust in their assets.
For any new projects considering issuing tokenized assets, the first step is to identify the jurisdictional requirements for that asset to be considered compliant. That means understanding where users are based and what regulatory frameworks apply in those jurisdictions. Depending on the region, tokenized asset issuers may be required to obtain certain licenses and meet other conditions.
In almost every region, the implementation of KYC and AML controls will be a must. This means creating robust identity verification processes and transaction monitoring systems. Based on the jurisdictional requirements, projects must ensure their assets are structured properly, working with legal experts to create clear asset linkage and legally-enforceable terms. As part of this, they’ll need to provide transparent data regarding the origins, custodianship, valuation and insurance of the underlying asset. In addition, it’s necessary to keep full and transparent records of token issuance and hard-code these rules into the token’s smart contract, so anyone can audit and verify their authenticity.
Rather than shun regulators, serious RWA projects should work closely with regulatory authorities to ensure full compliance with new guidelines and address any concerns they may have.
Grachev said that the above steps are commonsense guidelines that all RWA projects should follow to ensure they’re able to operate legally and safely. “This is what we mean by ‘compliant rails’,” he said. “It includes everything from permission controls to ambiguity to capital flow restrictions. Stablecoins are a core part of that design. Without a digital cash layer that regulators can trust, tokenized RWAs stall out. Institutions will not hold assets that cannot generate yield or integrate with broader financial strategies.”
Building Trust In RWAs
While regulatory compliance can feel like a burden, it does, in fact, act as a springboard to growth for RWA projects, for trust brings them significant benefits that make them more palatable as an investment.
For instance, fully-regulated RWA projects have much more credibility, as it assures investors that their tokens are secure, legally recognized and in compliance with relevant laws. They’ll become much more resistant to any regulatory changes or the prospect of legal actions. This means they’ll be more likely to attract institutional capital and forge partnerships with traditional financial players, which are necessary to accelerate their growth. Full compliance can pave the way for international expansion, through listings on compliant cryptocurrency exchanges, where they can be accessed by global audiences.
To prove this point, we can look at the example of BlackRock’s BUIDL fund, which is a tokenized money market that simplifies access to low-risk assets such as U.S. Treasury bonds, allowing them to be traded on the blockchain. BUIDL has grown dramatically, and from March to June 2025 it added around $1 billion to its assets under management, reaching a total of almost $3 billion, highlighting the rising interest in RWAs.
The BUIDL fund is built on Avalanche’s compliant infrastructure, which adheres to regulatory frameworks such as the SEC Rule 506(c) and enforces KYC and AML checks, restricting access to qualified investors. Under BUIDL’s meticulously constructed architecture, BlackRock serves as the asset manager and issuer and is responsible for the investment strategy, while Securitize is the core technology provider, taking care of the tokenization process and investor onboarding. Finally, New York Mellon serves as the custodian of BUIDL’s underlying assets.
Tiamonds is a compliance-first issuer of tokenized diamonds that operates under Liechtenstein’s blockchain laws, known as the Token and Trusted Technology Service Provider Act (TVTG). One of the foundations of the act is the Token Container Model, which defines how a token functions as a “container” that can hold any legal right that represents assets such as stocks, bonds, commodities, real estate or fiat money. The asset is “loaded” into a container, verified by an independent body and any rights are legally enforceable.
This means that Tiamonds’ tokenized diamonds are backed by transparent and verifiable legal documentation that includes grading reports and a full record of its ownership history. In addition, Tiamonds implements strict KYC and AML checks to onboard clients in a transparent way, while the physical diamonds are stored by a compliant custodian.
Tiamonds’ bullet-proof compliance framework can work with almost any kind of asset, and the project has plans to tokenize sapphires, gold, silver, platinum, real estate and even carbon credits.
With Trust, RWAs Will Flourish
Grachev believes that the ability to establish trust will be what makes or breaks tokenized RWA projects. By adhering to regulations and building compliant infrastructures, token issuers will create the confidence that’s essential for markets to prosper. “Tokenizing assets is one thing,” he said. “Managing the entire journey, from onboarding to compliance checks to yield distribution and secondary trading is something else entirely.”
While compliance introduces a lot of operational complexity, this is where trust is won or lost, Grachev said. He points out that in traditional financial markets, the companies that provide the custodial services, clearing and risk control are the ones that define the infrastructure and engineer confidence among investors.
“The same will be true for tokenization,” Grachev insisted. “ The tokenization race won’t be won by the first movers, but by those who design the compliance systems that market participants rely on.”
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