See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Global Energy Flows at Risk in the Strait of Hormuz See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways About 20% of global oil consumption and 20% of LNG trade passes through the Strait of Hormuz. Nearly 90% of crude and condensate exports through the strait are shipped to Asian markets. Roughly one-fifth of the world’s oil consumption and LNG trade passes through the Strait of Hormuz, making it one of the most critical energy corridors on the planet. The narrow waterway between Iran and Oman connects the Persian Gulf to global markets, serving as a vital route for oil and gas exports from major producers including Saudi Arabia, Iraq, the UAE, and Qatar. Tensions involving Iran have periodically raised concerns about disruptions to traffic through the strait, which could affect global energy markets. This visualization highlights what moves through the Strait of Hormuz each day—from oil tankers and LNG carriers to the share of global energy consumption dependent on the route. Data comes from Lloyd’s List and the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). How Much Oil Moves Through the Strait of Hormuz? The table below summarizes the key energy flows that depend on the Strait of Hormuz. MetricValue Cargo vessels passing daily~100 Global oil consumption via Hormuz20% Global seaborne oil trade via Hormuz27% Global LNG trade via Hormuz20% Crude & condensate sent to Asia89% LNG sent to Asia83% U.S. crude imports via Hormuz7% U.S. petroleum consumption via Hormuz2% Roughly 100 cargo-carrying vessels pass through the strait on an average day in 2026. Around 60–70% of these vessels are oil tankers and gas carriers, reflecting the region’s dominant role in global energy exports. In fact, about 20% of global oil consumption moves through the Strait of Hormuz. In terms of maritime trade, the passage accounts for roughly 27% of all seaborne oil shipments worldwide. LNG Trade Also Relies on the Strait The Strait of Hormuz is not only critical for oil. Around 20% of global liquefied natural gas (LNG) trade also travels through this corridor. Major LNG exporters such as Qatar rely heavily on the strait to ship natural gas to global markets. As demand for LNG rises—especially in Asia and Europe—this shipping route becomes even more important for energy security. Asia Is the Most Exposed Region Asia is the region most dependent on energy flows through the Strait of Hormuz. The region’s heavy reliance reflects its large energy demand and limited domestic oil and gas resources. About 89% of crude oil and condensate passing through the strait is shipped to Asian markets. Similarly, roughly 83% of LNG exports traveling through the corridor are destined for Asia. Major importers include China, India, Japan, and South Korea. By contrast, the United States is far less reliant on the route. Only about 7% of U.S. crude imports come through the strait, and roughly 2% of U.S. petroleum liquids consumption depends on these flows. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out America’s Hottest Oil State? New Mexico on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. How Popular Chinese EVs Are in Different Countries See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Chinese-made BEVs account for nearly 90% of Mexico’s EV sales and over 60% in Indonesia. They represent 26% of UK sales but remain below 1% in the U.S. While China dominates domestic EV production, its brands are increasingly visible in showrooms across Europe, Asia, and Latin America, but have minimal presence in the United States. This visualization shows the share of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) sold in selected countries that were made in China from 2018 to 2025. The data for this graphic comes from Benchmark Mineral Intelligence. The figures include battery electric vehicles only, excluding hybrids. Mexico and Indonesia: Breakout Markets Mexico has quickly become one of the strongest overseas markets for Chinese EVs. In 2025, 89.9% of all BEVs sold in Mexico were made in China, up sharply from 28.3% in 2023. In volume terms, Chinese-made EV sales surged from 3,145 units in 2023 to 53,742 in 2025. % of BEVs Made in China20182019202020212022202320242025 China98.0%95.2%99.3%100.0%100.0%99.9%100.0%100.0% India0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%1.2%2.3%2.7%2.9% Japan0.0%0.0%0.0%23.3%11.3%8.7%12.5%25.5% Australia0.0%0.0%0.0%67.7%77.3%82.5%76.5%79.5% Austria0.0%0.4%2.1%13.4%20.6%21.8%30.2%22.4% Belgium0.0%0.1%4.6%18.7%23.1%19.7%23.5%16.2% Canada0.0%0.0%0.1%1.6%1.9%20.4%19.9%0.8% Denmark0.0%0.0%5.4%14.0%20.4%26.5%23.7%14.8% Finland0.0%0.0%1.0%7.5%16.1%13.9%24.2%16.1% France0.0%0.0%2.6%14.5%26.1%31.4%16.3%13.0% Germany0.0%0.0%1.2%10.7%19.5%18.0%18.8%15.9% Indonesia0.0%0.0%0.0%0.3%0.1%3.2%39.8%61.6% Ireland0.0%0.0%0.8%8.6%11.8%20.9%29.4%21.0% Israel77.3%64.0%54.6%70.8%72.3%68.2%76.9%84.8% Italy0.0%0.0%0.8%14.1%17.0%28.5%36.7%37.0% Mexico0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%4.8%28.3%82.4%89.9% Netherlands0.0%1.6%9.0%14.7%13.5%17.9%27.6%17.4% New Zealand0.0%0.1%8.1%62.4%69.9%63.9%46.6%70.5% Norway0.0%0.0%10.2%23.0%23.7%19.2%26.3%19.1% Portugal0.0%0.0%0.3%10.2%18.3%25.3%38.7%30.8% South Korea0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%7.0%13.5%23.4%30.9% Spain0.0%0.0%0.5%14.0%20.7%29.6%42.0%35.9% Sweden0.0%0.0%6.4%21.7%22.3%21.8%27.1%17.2% Switzerland0.0%0.0%3.1%20.3%21.6%12.2%20.1%15.7% UK0.0%1.7%6.4%12.2%27.3%25.0%24.0%26.0% USA0.0%0.0%0.1%0.5%1.4%0.8%0.3%0.5% Indonesia shows a similar trajectory. Chinese BEVs accounted for just 3.2% of sales in 2023, but that figure jumped to 61.6% by 2025. Sales volumes climbed from 543 vehicles to 64,252 over the same period, underscoring how quickly Chinese brands have scaled in emerging markets. Strong Footholds in Europe and Asia-Pacific In the UK, Chinese-made BEVs represented 26.0% of total EV sales in 2025, totaling 129,069 vehicles. Several European markets—including Spain (35.9%), Portugal (30.8%), and Italy (37.0%)—also show meaningful penetration. Australia stands out even more, with Chinese brands accounting for 79.5% of BEV sales in 2025. New Zealand (70.5%) and Israel (84.8%) also report high shares. The U.S. Remains an Outlier Despite China’s dominance in global EV manufacturing, the U.S. market remains largely closed to Chinese-made BEVs. In 2025, they accounted for just 0.5% of American EV sales, or 6,070 vehicles. RankCountry2025 Sales 1 China7,968,936 2 UK129,069 3 Germany87,650 4 Australia82,147 5 South Korea66,783 6 Indonesia64,252 7 Mexico53,742 8 Israel48,250 9 France46,493 10 Spain40,009 11 Norway35,562 12 Italy35,348 13 Netherlands30,958 14 Belgium23,740 15 Japan20,553 16 Denmark19,707 17 Sweden18,242 18 Portugal17,180 19 Austria14,496 20 Switzerland8,923 21 USA6,070 22 Ireland5,351 23 India5,332 24 New Zealand5,226 25 Finland4,589 26 Canada792 Trade policy, tariffs, and geopolitical tensions have limited Chinese automakers’ access to the U.S. market. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Battery Manufacturing Investment by Country on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Ranked: The Countries With the Most Supercomputers See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The U.S. has 171 supercomputers, four times more than the next country, Japan, which has 43. China is tied for third alongside Germany, both with 40 supercomputers. Supercomputers are used for everything from weather forecasting and high-powered simulations to artificial intelligence and defense. The number of supercomputers a country has gives an indication of their technological and economic positioning, and how they prioritize frontier research. This graphic ranks the countries with the most supercomputers, and the data comes from TOP500’s November 2025 list. Which Countries Have the Most Supercomputers? The U.S., the birthplace of supercomputers, dominates the list at 171. The figure is four times higher the number of supercomputers Japan has, which comes in second place at 43. The data table below shows the number of supercomputers per country as of November 2025: CountrySupercomputers United States171 Japan43 Germany40 China40 France23 Canada19 Italy18 South Korea15 Taiwan10 Brazil10 Norway9 United Kingdom9 Sweden8 Poland8 Netherlands7 Saudi Arabia7 India6 Singapore5 United Arab Emirates5 Russia5 Australia4 Finland3 Switzerland3 Israel3 Czechia3 Spain3 Slovenia2 Ireland2 Austria2 Kazakhstan2 Thailand2 Turkey2 Iceland1 Luxembourg1 Slovakia1 Denmark1 Bulgaria1 Hungary1 Portugal1 Belgium1 Morocco1 Argentina1 Vietnam1 China and Germany trail closely, tied in third and fourth place at 40 supercomputers. The ranking is significantly top-heavy, as the top three countries have more supercomputers than all the other 43 countries combined. In total, 26 countries have five or fewer supercomputers each, while 11 have just one supercomputer. It is not necessarily smaller countries that have fewer supercomputers. Singapore, for example, has the same number as Russia and India at five. The Singaporean government recently launched a supercomputing hub as it looks to become Southeast Asia’s AI leader. Increasing AI-Driven Supercomputer Demand Demand for supercomputers is increasing alongside AI, which requires massive computational power to be trained and run, which far surpass what regular computers are capable of. There are different types of supercomputers but generally they can crunch vast and complex datasets at speed, far surpassing humanity’s capabilities. By outputting useful information, supercomputers are used to make decisions across health, climate, and material science, which is why they are tipped to hold the key to some of society’s greatest challenges. Nordic countries actually share access to their supercomputers in efforts to “enable excellence” and contribute towards the UN’s sustainable Development Goals. The Finland-based LUMI supercomputer, the ninth most powerful in the world, was set up specifically with this in mind; it is hosted by a consortium of 10 countries, including the Nordics and their neighbor Estonia, to share resources and increase researcher access to some of the world’s most powerful computers. The EU-funded RAISE center was set to develop novel AI technologies that can run effectively on supercomputers, while the U.S. is ramping up partnerships with AI companies to stack its national labs with powerful compute clusters. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about supercomputers, check out this graphic on Voronoi which breaks down the largest computing clusters.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. The Countries Adding the Most to Global GDP (2026–2030) See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways China (+$5.7T), the U.S. (+$5.0T), and India (+$2.1T) account for nearly half (49.7%) of total expected GDP added through 2030. Suriname is forecasted to be the world’s fastest growing economy over the next 5 years, with 137% GDP growth, according to the IMF. Over the next five years, nearly half of all projected global GDP growth is expected to come from just three countries: China, the United States, and India. While nearly every economy is projected to expand through 2030, the bulk of new output will be concentrated among a small group of heavyweight nations. This ranking looks at which nations are expected to add the most to global GDP between 2026 and 2030, based on IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO) projections. Importantly, these figures reflect nominal GDP increases in U.S. dollars and are not in real terms (i.e. adjusted for inflation). China and the U.S. Lead in Absolute Growth China ranks first in total GDP added, projected to expand by $5.7 trillion between 2026 and 2030. The United States follows closely behind at $5.0 trillion. Despite slower percentage growth compared to emerging markets, their sheer size means even modest expansion translates into massive dollar gains. RankCountryGDP Added (2026-2030, $Billions), Projected 1 China$5,686.2 2 United States$4,993.0 3 India$2,122.4 4 United Kingdom$974.1 5 Germany$685.6 6 Japan$656.3 7 Indonesia$528.9 8 Brazil$521.8 9 Canada$489.6 10 France$450.6 11 Mexico$411.3 12 Australia$387.0 13 Türkiye$385.7 14 Spain$338.2 15 South Korea$334.5 16 Russia$320.4 17 Italy$283.5 18 Saudi Arabia$280.2 19 Poland$276.4 20 Philippines$212.6 21 Taiwan$198.4 22 Bangladesh$197.5 23 Netherlands$194.5 24 Egypt$190.3 25 Switzerland$184.5 26 Argentina$174.7 27 UAE$163.7 28 Vietnam$155.7 29 Malaysia$141.1 30 Iran$135.7 31 Israel$132.7 32 Ireland$130.7 33 Sweden$120.6 34 Singapore$115.1 35 Kazakhstan$109.7 36 Nigeria$109.3 37 Thailand$92.6 38 Ethiopia$92.2 39 Colombia$90.5 40 Hong Kong SAR$90.3 41 Belgium$88.1 42 Denmark$85.8 43 Uzbekistan$81.6 44 Austria$81.1 45 Norway$74.1 46 Iraq$72.0 47 Romania$69.5 48 Czech Republic$68.5 49 South Africa$68.4 50 Chile$67.8 Meanwhile, India stands out as the only country to appear in both top-10 lists—ranking third in total GDP added (+$2.1 trillion) while also placing in the top 10 for percentage growth. The Top 10 Drive Two-Thirds of Global Expansion Beyond China, the U.S., and India, other major contributors include the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Indonesia, Brazil, and Canada. Collectively, the top 10 countries account for 66.5% of all projected GDP added globally through 2030. Fastest Growth Comes From Smaller Economies While the largest economies dominate in absolute dollar gains, the fastest percentage growth is projected to come from much smaller markets. Suriname, Malawi, and Ethiopia are expected to be the fastest-growing economies in percentage terms through 2030. RankCountryGDP Growth (2026-2030), Forecast 1 Suriname137% 2 Malawi75.4% 3 Ethiopia73.3% 4 Guinea54.5% 5 Uzbekistan51.2% 6 Yemen49.5% 7 Zambia48.6% 8 Egypt47.6% 9 Uganda47.2% 10 India47.1% 11 Madagascar46.9% 12 Guyana46.5% 13 Tanzania45.3% 14 Bhutan44.9% 15 Turkmenistan43.8% 16 São Tomé & Príncipe43.8% 17 Mozambique43.4% 18 Nepal42.8% 19 Moldova42.7% 20 Sudan40.8% Suriname is projected to add $6.7 billion to its economy, expanding from a $4.9 billion base in 2026—an increase of roughly 137%. Malawi is expected to grow by $13.5 billion on a $17.9 billion base, marking a gain of about 75%. Ethiopia will add $92.2 billion to its $125.7 billion economy, a rise of approximately 73%. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Wealth Needed to Be in The Richest 1% (by Country) on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization One Buyer Dominates Iran’s Oil Exports See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Recent estimates suggest that 91% of Iran’s oil exports head to China. As other countries cut ties with the Middle Eastern state amid sanctions, China doubled down on the relationship. Syria, The United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela are also notable buyers of Iranian oil. Iran has long faced international sanctions over its nuclear program. Under President Trump, the U.S. intensified pressure by imposing a broad trading ban and targeting foreign financial institutions that did business with Iran, aiming to curb its nuclear ambitions. The expanded sanctions left only a small group of countries willing to trade with Iran, the fourth-largest oil producer in OPEC and a major fossil fuel exporter. This graphic charts the largest purchasers of Iranian oil, based on 2024 customs data from Iran, via TradeImeX. Iran’s Oil Exports by Country Dive into the data below: RankCountryExport Value ($B)Share of Total (%)Estimated Volume (Thousand bpd) 1 China32.590.81460 2 Syria1.183.353 3 United Arab Emirates0.72232 4 Venezuela0.431.219 5 Iraq0.320.914 6 Turkey0.220.610 7 Malaysia0.140.46 8 Oman0.110.35 9 Lebanon0.070.23 10 Sri Lanka0.070.23 Iran earned $35.76 billion from oil exports in 2024, though much of that trade reflects geopolitical alignment as much as market demand. China took the lion’s share, accounting for over 90% of exports, or $32.5 billion. As other countries reduced imports under international sanctions, China continued buying Iranian crude at scale, cementing its role as Tehran’s primary energy partner. Syria was the only other country to surpass $1 billion in purchases, importing roughly $1.2 billion worth of oil in 2024, or 3.3% of total exports. The United Arab Emirates and Venezuela followed at 2% and 1.2%, respectively. In Venezuela’s case, energy trade has included an agreement to swap Venezuelan oil for Iranian condensate amid both countries facing U.S. sanctions. Iran Sells Its Oil Cheap The list of countries that Iran sells to has shrunk in recent years as sanctions reshaped trade flows. In 2010, Iranian oil landed in the ports of more than 20 countries, including China, Japan, India, South Korea, and several European nations. Sanctions did not halt exports entirely, but they redirected them toward a far smaller group of buyers. Today, Iran relies on a shadow fleet of re-flagged tankers and ship-to-ship transfers to obscure cargo origins and bypass restrictions. Price is another incentive: Iranian crude typically trades at a $3–9 per barrel discount to Brent. Its oil is relatively cheap to extract — costing as little as $10 per barrel — compared with Brent prices around $60. That discount is estimated to cost Tehran several billion dollars per year in forgone revenue, effectively the price of maintaining a limited customer base. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about Iran’s exports, check out this creator graphic which charts the country’s top export destinations.

Published 3 hours ago on March 3, 2026 By Ryan Bellefontaine Graphics & Design Abha Patil Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Pinterest Email The following content is sponsored by Palo Alto The Increasing Speed of Cyberattacks Key Takeaways The speed of cyberattacks is rising as first-quartile time to exfiltration dropped from 276 minutes (2024) to 72 minutes (2025). With about one in five incidents reaching exfiltration in under an hour, response must begin immediately. Teams need rapid containment playbooks and longer-horizon hunting to cover both “minutes” and “days” long intrusions. Cyber intrusions rarely follow a single path once attackers get a foothold. Instead, they pivot across systems to widen impact and deepen damage. This graphic, in partnership with Unit 42 by Palo Alto Networks, shows how the fastest incidents are accelerating, based on data from Unit 42’s Global Incident Response Report. What “Time to Exfiltration” Captures Here is a table that shows first-quartile time to exfiltration in 2024 vs. 2025. YearFirst-Quartile Time to Exfiltration (Minutes) 2024276 202572 Unit 42 tracks “time to exfiltration,” which spans initial compromise to confirmed data theft. Because attackers move quickly, that clock often decides whether defenders can interrupt the mission. A Fourfold Drop at the Fastest End Across Unit 42’s dataset, the median time to exfiltration measured about two days. However, the fastest cases compress that timeline dramatically, which raises the cost of any delay.In the first quartile, time to exfiltration fell from 276 minutes in 2024 to 72 minutes in 2025. As a result, teams lose hours of investigation time in the intrusions that move fastest. Unit 42 also reports that roughly one in five cases can reach exfiltration in under an hour. Consequently, detection, triage, and containment must begin immediately, not after escalation. Preparing for Minutes, Not Days Meanwhile, some intrusions still unfold over days, with deeper reconnaissance and persistence. Therefore, teams need both rapid playbooks and sustained hunting. They can start by tightening identity controls, instrumenting endpoints and browsers, and automating containment steps. Finally, measure the mean time to detect and respond, then rehearse decisions before an incident hits. When the speed of cyberattacks defines outcomes, readiness becomes a core control. See why cyberattacks are getting 4x faster Related Topics: #technology #cyberattacks #phishing #cyber intrusions #social engineering You may also like Privacy1 week ago Visualized: Where Attacks Happen in Cyber Intrusions See where attackers pivot after initial access, and why stopping cyber intrusions takes more than a single layer of defense. Privacy2 weeks ago Visualized: How Cyberattackers Gain Access See how cyberattackers gain access by abusing identity, credentials, sessions, and permissions—and what to fix first. Subscribe Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.Join 375,000+ email subscribers: *Sign Up

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Charted: Oil Trade Through the Strait of Hormuz by Country See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways China receives 37.7% of all oil exports that pass through the Strait of Hormuz, the most of any country. Asian countries are most affected by a closure of the strait, receiving 89.2% of the Strait’s crude oil and condensate flows. The Strait of Hormuz is one of the world’s most critical energy chokepoints, with both exporters and importers of crude oil heavily reliant on flows through the Strait. This visualization maps which countries export crude oil and condensate through the Strait of Hormuz—and, more importantly, which countries import those flows. The data is from the U.S. Energy Information Administration and is for Q1 2025. Which Countries Export Oil Through the Strait of Hormuz? Oil flows through the Strait of Hormuz are heavily concentrated among a few Gulf producers. Saudi Arabia accounts for the largest share of crude and condensate exports transiting the strait, at 37.2% of the total. The data table below breaks down the origin countries and their shares of crude oil and condensate exports through the Strait of Hormuz as of Q1 2025: CountryShare of the Strait of Hormuz's Oil and Condensate Exports Saudi Arabia37.2% Iraq22.8% United Arab Emirates12.9% Iran10.6% Kuwait10.1% Qatar4.4% Other1.9% Iraq follows with 22.8%, while the United Arab Emirates contributes 12.9%. Iran (10.6%) and Kuwait (10.1%) round out the top five exporters. Together, these five countries account for 93.6% of all crude and condensate volumes moving through the strait. This concentration underscores how closely global oil markets are tied to production in the Persian Gulf. With recent military conflict in the Middle East and Iran’s announcement that it would attack any ship passing through the Strait, more than 20% of global oil flows are now at risk. The Countries Reliant on Oil From the Strait of Hormuz On the demand side, Asia is overwhelmingly reliant on oil shipments through the Strait of Hormuz. Asian countries collectively receive 89.2% of the crude oil and condensate that transit the waterway. The data table below shows the destination countries and their shares of crude oil and condensate exports through the Strait of Hormuz as of Q1 2025: CountryShare of Oil and Condensate Imports From the Strait of Hormuz China37.7% India14.7% Other Asia13.9% South Korea12.0% Japan10.9% Europe3.8% United States2.5% Other4.5% China alone accounts for 37.7% of total flows—more than any other country by a wide margin. India is the second-largest destination at 14.7%, followed by South Korea at 12.0% and Japan at 10.9%. Other Asian countries make up 13.9% of crude oil and condensate flows that pass through the Strait. In contrast, the United States receives just 2.5% of these flows, reflecting its increased domestic production and diversified import sources. Any closure or disruption of the Strait of Hormuz would disproportionately impact Asian economies, particularly China and India, which together receive over half of all volumes passing through the strait. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about global crude oil trade flows, check out this graphic visualizing 2024’s biggest crude oil exporters and importers on Voronoi.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. U.S. Military Bases in the Middle East, and Which Ones Iran Hit See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The United States currently has over 40,000 soldiers deployed across 10 countries in the Middle East. A majority of U.S. bases and military assets in and around the Persian Gulf were hit by Iranian retaliatory airstrikes. In response to large-scale airstrikes by the U.S. and Israel on February 28, 2026, Iran launched a series of retaliatory airstrikes on U.S. military assets across the Middle East. The U.S. has had a substantial military presence in the Middle East for decades, including most notably during the two Gulf Wars. Today between 40,000-50,000 American military personnel are stationed across roughly 10 countries in the region. This map shows the locations of unclassified U.S. military bases and assets across the Middle East, using modified 2025 data from the Council on Foreign Relations. Notably, in addition to targeting formal military facilities such as the Al Dhafra base in the United Arab Emirates, the Iranian military also attacked commercial facilities which are used by the U.S. military such as the ports of Duqm and Jebel Ali. The U.S. Military’s Sprawling Gulf Presence The most concentrated U.S. military presence in the Middle East is in and around the Persian Gulf, which is home to the largest single source of petroleum worldwide. The U.S. has military bases in each of the Gulf states except Iran, with Qatar holding the largest single regional base at Al Udeid Air Base. Over 10,000 U.S. military personnel are stationed in that base alone. The data table below highlights unclassified U.S. military assets around the Middle East, and their status in the current conflict as of March 2nd: U.S. Military AssetCountryTargeted by Iran? Ain al-Asad Air Base IraqYes Akrotiri (RAF) Cyprus (UK base with U.S. troops)Yes Al Dhafra Air Base United Arab EmiratesYes Al Udeid Air Base QatarYes Ali Al-Salem Air Base KuwaitYes Camp Arifjan KuwaitNo Camp As Sayliyah QatarNo Camp Buehring KuwaitYes Camp Lemonnier DjiboutiNo Duqm Port OmanYes Erbil Air Base (Al-Harir) IraqYes Incirlik Air Base TürkiyeNo Israel (no base) IsraelYes Izmir Air Station TürkiyeNo Jebel Ali Port UAEYes MFO South Camp (Sinai) EgyptNo Muwaffaq al-Salti Air Base JordanYes NE Syria (various) SyriaNo NSA Bahrain BahrainYes Prince Sultan Air Base Saudi ArabiaYes Thumrait / Masirah OmanNo Tower 22 JordanNo Over 13,500 soldiers are stationed in Kuwait, with this small Gulf country welcoming hefty U.S. military personnel following the Gulf Wars. All but one U.S.-Kuwaiti base has been targeted by Iran. American Military Bases Beyond the Gulf The U.S. also holds Middle Eastern bases beyond the immediate vicinity of Iran, and some of these facilities were also the target of Iranian drones and missiles. The British airbase of Akrotiri in Cyprus, which hosts U.S. troops, faced a sustained drone attack alleged to have been carried out by the Iran-backed Lebanese paramilitary group Hezbollah. This marks the first attack on a European country within this conflict. Nearby Israel was also bombarded, while Jordan’s Muwaffaq al-Salti Air Base intercepted missiles over what appeared to be Iran’s farthest land target. Notably, none of the U.S. military installations in nearby Djibouti, Egypt, or Türkiye appear to have been targeted. The Spiraling Hostilities in the Middle East to Come The U.S. and Israeli strikes which began on February 28th decimated much of Iran’s top leadership, including Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei as well as over 40 others. Iran’s avowed retaliation has already placed U.S. military personnel across the Middle East on high alert. While the U.S. government has indicated its expectation that the conflict could last for weeks, the significant escalation has already had a severe impact on global markets, owing to the Persian Gulf’s central role in the world’s oil and gas industry. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out How Big is Iran? on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization America’s Fastest-Growing and Shrinking States (2020–2025) See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The U.S. population grew by 10.3 million people (+3.1%) from April 2020 to July 2025, with the South accounting for the majority of gains. Texas and Florida added the most residents, while New York and California recorded the largest declines. The map shows percentage change by state, while the surrounding chart highlights total population gains and losses. Where are Americans moving since 2020? Between April 2020 and July 2025, the U.S. population grew by more than 10 million people, but growth was heavily concentrated in a handful of states. This map shows the percentage change in each state’s population over the past five years, alongside total gains and losses in residents. The data for this visualization comes from the U.S. Census Bureau. It measures total population change from April 2020 to July 2025. The South Dominates Population Growth The South was the clear growth engine of the country, expanding by 6.0% and adding more than 7.5 million people. Texas led the nation in numeric gains, adding 2.56 million residents. Florida followed closely with 1.92 million new residents, while North Carolina and Georgia also posted strong increases. RankStatePopulation change (2020-2025)Percent change 1Texas2,560,3238.8% 2Florida1,924,3118.9% 3North Carolina756,5767.2% 4Georgia588,8875.5% 5Arizona465,7146.5% 6South Carolina452,0248.8% 7Tennessee402,7575.8% 8Washington293,5013.8% 9Utah267,3038.2% 10New Jersey259,1912.8% 11Virginia248,6882.9% 12Colorado237,2354.1% 13Idaho190,61010.4% 14Indiana186,7282.8% 15Nevada176,5955.7% 16Alabama167,6513.3% 17Oklahoma163,9344.1% 18Minnesota123,6722.2% 19Massachusetts120,9721.7% 20Missouri115,6281.9% 21Arkansas103,2613.4% 22Ohio101,0650.9% 23Kentucky100,5772.2% 24Maryland83,7071.4% 25Connecticut80,7462.2% 26Wisconsin78,4641.3% 27Delaware70,0027.1% 28Montana60,4735.6% 29Pennsylvania56,6790.4% 30Nebraska56,0262.9% 31Maine51,6563.8% 32Michigan48,5220.5% 33South Dakota48,4385.5% 34Iowa47,8051.5% 35Kansas39,2341.3% 36New Hampshire37,7692.7% 37Oregon36,3040.9% 38North Dakota20,2222.6% 39Rhode Island17,1641.6% 40Wyoming11,8812.1% 41New Mexico8,0060.4% 42District of Columbia4,1010.6% 43Alaska3,8870.5% 44Vermont1,5860.2% 45Mississippi-7,104-0.2% 46Hawaii-22,447-1.5% 47West Virginia-27,612-1.5% 48Louisiana-39,705-0.9% 49Illinois-102,600-0.8% 50California-200,394-0.5% 51New York-201,269-1.0% In percentage terms, Idaho (+10.4%), Florida (+8.9%), and Texas (+8.8%) were among the fastest-growing states. Lower taxes, job growth, and domestic migration have all contributed to this sustained southern expansion. Mixed Growth in the West and Midwest Western states posted moderate overall growth of 1.9%. Arizona (+6.5%), Utah (+8.2%), and Nevada (+5.7%) stood out, while California saw a decline of 200,394 residents (-0.5%). The Midwest grew just 1.1% overall. States like Indiana and Minnesota saw modest gains, but growth lagged behind the South. Industrial restructuring and slower job creation continue to weigh on parts of the region. Northeast and Coastal Losses The Northeast recorded the slowest regional growth at just 0.7%. New York experienced the largest population drop in the country, losing 201,269 residents (-1.0%). Illinois (-102,600) and Louisiana (-39,705) also saw significant declines, while West Virginia (-1.5%) and Hawaii (-1.5%) posted the largest percentage losses. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Mapped: Job Growth in Every U.S. State in 2025 on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

Published 54 minutes ago on March 2, 2026 By Julia Wendling Graphics & Design Athul Alexander Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Pinterest Email The following content is sponsored by Terzo Ranked: The World’s Top Startup Hubs     Key Takeaways The U.S. leads by a wide margin with a score of 254.1, more than 3.5 times higher than the UK in second place (70.7).        Israel (62.2), Singapore (54.7), and Canada (45.4) complete the top five list.        Smaller nations like Estonia and Lithuania show that strong digital infrastructure and business environments can help startups compete globally despite limited scale.        Startup ecosystems are emerging around the world, but a small group of countries continues to lead the charge. Created in partnership with Terzo, this graphic shows the countries that rank highest by entrepreneurship ecosystem. It’s part of our Markets in a Minute series, which delivers quick economic insights for executives. A Global Startup Race According to StartupBlink, the United States dominates with a score of 254.1, more than three times higher than second-place United Kingdom (70.7). Israel (62.2), Singapore (54.7), and Canada (45.4) complete the top five, highlighting a mix of scale-driven giants and highly efficient innovation hubs. Global Startup Ecosystem Index RankingCountryScore 1U.S.254.1 2UK70.7 3Israel62.2 4Singapore54.7 5Canada45.4 6Sweden35.3 7Germany33.2 8France32.4 9Switzerland31.7 10Netherlands30.9 11Estonia30.7 12Australia28.8 13China26.9 14Spain23.2 15Finland22.9 16Ireland21.2 17Denmark20.8 18Japan18.1 19Lithuania17.5 20South Korea16.6 The rest of the ranking is spread across Europe. Sweden, Germany, France, Switzerland, and the Netherlands maintain strong positions thanks to deep talent pools and access to capital. What Makes a Startup Hub? These scores are based on three core components that together define ecosystem strength. 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See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Ranked: The World’s Most Indebted Countries Today See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Hong Kong ranks first with total debt equal to 380% of GDP, followed by Japan at 372% The U.S. ranks seventh at 264%, led by government debt (123%) and corporate debt (73%) How indebted is your country today? Based on the latest available data (Q4 2025) from the Institute of International Finance’s Global Debt Monitor, several major economies now carry total debt loads exceeding 300% of GDP, meaning their combined household, corporate, and government borrowing is worth more than three years of economic output. This visualization ranks 35 countries by their total debt-to-GDP ratios, combining household, corporate, and government borrowing into one measure. Hong Kong Tops the Ranking With a total debt burden of 380%, Hong Kong has the world’s highest total debt. This small special administrative region (SAR) of China is highly developed and urbanized, counting roughly 7.5 million inhabitants. While its government debt is a relatively slim 67% and its total household debt of 86% hovers around global developed-country standards, Hong Kong’s corporate debt is a staggering 227% of GDP, making up nearly the entirety of its total debt burden. The table below shows the total debt burden and breakdowns for household, corporate, and government debt to GDP: CountryHousehold Debt (% GDP)Nonfinancial Corporate Debt (% GDP)Government Debt (% GDP)Total Debt (% GDP) Hong Kong8622767380 Japan60113199372 Singapore45130172347 France59156110326 Canada10011897315 China6014297298 United States6873123264 South Korea8911149249 Italy3659141236 Malaysia708866224 Thailand887660223 Bahrain2456143223 United Kingdom745981214 Germany498963200 Israel437170184 Brazil365092178 Jordan275690172 Grenada376468168 Maldives1817132167 India394974163 Vietnam2310732161 Hungary187073161 Chile418631158 Senegal529123156 South Africa343579149 Tunisia233981143 El Salvador222588134 Trinidad and Tobago343565134 Kuwait41837131 Republic of the Congo33593131 Czech Republic325147129 Russia217927127 Ecuador294452125 Morocco203767124 Colombia262868121 Zambia68107120 Mozambique91297118 United Arab Emirates275634117 Poland223559116 Jamaica193660115 Lao PDR111291114 Rwanda122773113 Costa Rica341460108 Saudi Arabia314528105 Oman244435104 Romania112961102 Egypt72075102 Argentina62076101 Kenya92367100 Philippines11265996 Mongolia23244793 Dominican Republic14176091 Gambia767487 Mexico17214886 Peru13413186 Pakistan2107284 Serbia16234483 Côte d'Ivoire8185682 Sri Lanka1071080 Indonesia15244079 Bangladesh6304077 Türkiye10382775 Angola186271 Benin5165171 Ethiopia5164768 Ghana355966 Papua New Guinea485062 Tanzania765062 Kazakhstan19142558 Nigeria1373656 Cameroon383849 Honduras004545 Tajikistan1162239 Uzbekistan003131 However, Hong Kong’s high corporate debt can best be explained by the SAR’s real estate business, in which high-debt transactions are standard. The dynamic real estate sector and related activities contribute roughly a quarter to Hong Kong’s GDP. Japan’s Government Debt Nears 200% of GDP In contrast, Japan’s corporate debt (113%) is relatively in line with other OECD and developed peers; however, the government’s sprawling government debt of just shy of 200% of GDP is higher than many countries’ total debt burden. Government debt woes began to take off following the Lost Decades of economic stagnation which followed the collapse of the Japanese asset price bubble in 1991. As years of sluggish growth turned into decades, Japanese policymakers opted to incorporate quantitative easing, a policy by which the central bank bought government bonds in order to stimulate economic activity in the country, driving up the country’s national debt in the process. Today the Bank of Japan owns roughly half of the national debt, while the other half is held in large part by domestic banks and insurance companies. Debt in the Developed World Japan is not the only country to have had to accrue debt in response to tough times. Back-to-back crises have forced governments to borrow extensively in recent years, from global COVID-19 stimulus responses to more recent industrial and defense purchases across Europe. Many governments continue to run large fiscal deficits, while households and businesses face rising borrowing costs amid economic uncertainty. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Biggest Foreign Buyers and Sellers of U.S. Debt on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Ranked: Countries Building the Most Nuclear Reactors See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways China accounts for 37 of the world’s reactors under construction—more than all other listed countries combined. India and Russia rank a distant second, with six reactors each currently being built. As of September 2025, the United States, France, and Canada have no reactors under construction. China is in the middle of the largest nuclear construction push in the world. Dozens of reactors are rising across the country, representing nearly 43 gigawatts of new generating capacity. That buildout alone exceeds what every other nation currently has under construction combined. This chart breaks down which countries are expanding nuclear power in 2025, and below we also cover how much power they are adding to their grids. The data comes from the World Nuclear Association. China’s Massive Nuclear Expansion China currently has 37 reactors under construction, representing roughly 42.9 gigawatts (GW) of new capacity. That is more than six times the capacity being built in either India or Russia, the next closest countries. As electricity demand rises and older plants retire, nuclear expansion will play a decisive role in shaping long-term energy security and grid stability. CountryReactors Under ConstructionMegawatts China3742.9K India65.2K Russia64.2K Egypt44.8K Türkiye44.8K South Korea34.2K Bangladesh22.4K Japan22.8K Ukraine21.9K United Kingdom23.4K Argentina10.03K Brazil11.4K Hungary11.2K Iran11.1K Pakistan11.1K Slovakia10.5K Canada00K France00K USA00K Most reactors are initially licensed to operate for about 40 years, though many receive extensions to 60 years or even 80 years with upgrades and maintenance. As older plants reach the end of their lifespans, new reactors are needed to replace retiring capacity, support grid stability, and help countries meet long-term decarbonization goals. India and Russia in Second Place India and Russia are tied for second place with six reactors each under construction. India’s projects total 5.2 GW of capacity, slightly above Russia’s 4.2 GW. After that, activity drops off quickly. Egypt and Türkiye each have four reactors underway, while most other countries are building one or two. Notably, several established nuclear powers are absent from the list. As of September 2025, the United States, France, and Canada have no reactors under construction. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out How Much Control China Has Over the World’s Critical Minerals on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization The World’s 50 Most Valuable Companies in 2026 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Nvidia leads at $4.8 trillion, followed by Apple ($4.0 trillion) and Alphabet ($3.8 trillion). Tech firms represent seven of the top 10 companies by market cap. Along with Nvidia, three other AI-related semiconductor companies—TSMC, Broadcom, and ASML—rank in the top 20 most valuable firms. Nvidia, with a $4.8 trillion market valuation, is the world’s most valuable company in 2026. The company has once again surpassed Apple and Alphabet as record sales lift its valuation, despite AI bubble fears. Meanwhile, TSMC’s $2 trillion market cap now exceeds both Meta Platforms and Tesla, ranking in sixth globally. Using data from CompaniesMarketCap, this graphic shows the 50 most valuable companies worldwide in 2026. The Top 50 Companies in 2026 Here are the largest companies by market capitalization as of February 25, 2026: RankNameCountryMarket Cap 1Nvidia U.S.$4,769,090,895,872 2Apple U.S.$4,030,215,225,344 3Alphabet U.S.$3,786,845,192,192 4Microsoft U.S.$2,976,667,402,240 5Amazon U.S.$2,261,686,681,600 6TSMC Taiwan$2,009,122,209,792 7Saudi Aramco Saudi Arabia$1,659,869,263,655 8Meta Platforms U.S.$1,653,772,779,520 9Broadcom U.S.$1,575,548,878,848 10Tesla U.S.$1,566,227,562,496 11Berkshire Hathaway U.S.$1,067,125,637,120 12Walmart U.S.$1,002,825,187,328 13Eli Lilly U.S.$971,747,753,984 14Samsung South Korea$953,387,784,196 15JPMorgan Chase U.S.$818,792,038,400 16Exxon Mobil U.S.$629,201,108,992 17Visa U.S.$603,784,871,936 18Tencent China$602,976,288,768 19ASML Netherlands$592,511,303,680 20Johnson & Johnson U.S.$591,292,792,832 21SK Hynix South Korea$492,511,926,210 22Micron Technology U.S.$482,640,887,808 23Mastercard U.S.$455,227,998,208 24Costco U.S.$441,631,375,360 25Oracle U.S.$425,078,030,336 26AbbVie U.S.$400,878,174,208 27Procter & Gamble U.S.$382,102,667,264 28Roche Switzerland$380,012,805,029 29Bank of America U.S.$377,648,578,560 30Home Depot U.S.$373,943,992,320 31ICBC China$369,137,809,154 32Chevron U.S.$368,560,832,512 33Alibaba China$363,649,957,888 34General Electric U.S.$361,938,288,640 35Caterpillar U.S.$358,505,119,744 36Netflix U.S.$350,804,246,528 37Coca-Cola U.S.$346,150,469,632 38AMD U.S.$343,772,135,424 39Agricultural Bank of China China$331,706,101,844 40China Construction Bank China$329,442,725,971 41LVMH France$324,094,895,625 42HSBC United Kingdom$323,268,870,144 43Novartis Switzerland$322,706,767,872 44Palantir U.S.$320,938,967,040 45AstraZeneca United Kingdom$319,598,690,304 46Toyota Japan$315,160,494,080 47Applied Materials U.S.$313,424,740,352 48Lam Research U.S.$313,366,904,832 49Cisco U.S.$312,610,619,392 50Merck U.S.$305,828,593,664 As the largest publicly-traded company in the world, Nvidia recently posted a record $68.1 billion in quarterly earnings, up 94% year-over-year. With OpenAI, Oracle, and Microsoft among its largest customers, a string of strong earnings reports has pushed its valuation close to a $5 trillion market capitalization. Still, investor skepticism has tempered share price gains amid concerns about overvaluation. Apple, Alphabet, and Microsoft follow, each valued at roughly $3 trillion or more. Saudi Aramco, one of only two non-U.S. companies in the top 10, ranks seventh with a $1.7 trillion valuation. Weaker oil prices have weighed on its performance, with shares down about 30% from their 2022 peak. Meanwhile, chip designer Broadcom ranks ninth at nearly $1.6 trillion. In addition to producing custom AI accelerator chips for OpenAI and Meta, it designed Google’s tensor processing units (TPUs). Today, Broadcom is increasingly emerging as a competitor to Nvidia, alongside companies such as Google (#3) and AMD (#38) as Big Tech prepares to spend $650 billion on AI infrastructure in 2026 alone. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the largest U.S. semiconductor firms by market cap.

Visualized: The Human and Economic Cost of the Syrian Civil War This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The Syrian civil war has inflicted profound suffering, killing hundreds of thousands, displacing millions, and reversing decades of development. Beyond battlefield deaths, conflict has driven spikes in child mortality, extreme poverty, undernourishment, and sharp contraction in GDP per capita. Even as large-scale fighting has subsided, Syria faces a fragile recovery amid economic collapse and lingering insecurity. What began in March 2011 as pro-democracy protests against President Bashar al-Assad’s government spiraled into one of the most brutal conflicts of the 21st century, drawing in regional and global powers and resulting in immense human suffering. Over more than a decade of war, hundreds of thousands of people lost their lives, and millions were forced from their homes. These charts from Our World in Data and sourced from the UN, Eurostat, the IMF, World Bank and others show the many costs of conflict — from fatalities to economic collapse and rising poverty. Here’s a detailed look at the data behind the war’s impacts: Category (Syria)Initial Data (2004)Peak Data PointMost Recent Data Deaths due to fighting~079,0003,600 Deaths from all causes73,000160,000120,000 Deaths of children under 511,00023,00010,000 Internally displaced people~07.6 million7.3 million International refugees22,0006.9 million6.4 million GDP per capita$9,500$9,600$4,200 Share in extreme poverty0.50%17%17% Share undernourished6.50%34%34% The data illustrate several harsh realities: annual deaths from fighting spiked after 2011 with devastating loss of life, including among children, while total deaths from all causes rose. Millions of Syrians became internally displaced or refugees, GDP per capita plunged, and extreme poverty and undernourishment grew sharply. Understanding the War’s Origins The conflict began during the Arab Spring when peaceful protests were met with force by government security services. What followed was a fragmented civil war involving government forces, opposition groups, Kurdish militias, extremist factions, and international actors; including Russia, Iran, the U.S., Turkey, and others. At its peak, organized violence devastated cities like Aleppo, Homs and Raqqa, and fracturing Syrian society. Hundreds of thousands were killed across combatants and civilians, and millions more were displaced internally and abroad, which remade the country’s demographics and burdened neighboring states. Beyond the Battlefield: Economic and Social Impacts The war’s impacts extend far beyond immediate conflict deaths. GDP per capita more than halved as economic activity collapsed amid destruction of infrastructure and displacement of workers. Extreme poverty (once rare in Syria) surged, while undernourishment became widespread. This aligns with broader findings that violence imposes costs on societies far beyond direct combat, from lost productivity to health crises and long-term poverty. What Happens Now? Though large-scale warfare has diminished, Syria faces a fragile transition. Recent agreements between the central government and Kurdish forces aim to stabilize parts of the country, but humanitarian needs remain acute. Millions still depend on aid, and access to essential services is uneven. Political fragmentation, economic collapse, and reconstruction needs—estimated in the hundreds of billions—mean recovery will be lengthy and uncertain, even as some areas see renewed governance and investment.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Africa in 1914, When 90% of the Continent Was Colonized See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways This infographic map shows Africa in 1914, on the eve of World War I, when 90% of the continent was controlled by just seven European empires. Many of today’s national borders took shape in this era, as European powers carved up the African continent amongst themselves. While Germany ceded all of its African colonies at the conclusion of the war, all of the European empires would come to lose their own colonies in the decades to follow. In just a few decades, European empires redrew the map of Africa. In the span of roughly 40 years, European powers had carved up nearly the entire continent, transforming Africa into a patchwork of colonial territories administered from London, Paris, Berlin, Brussels, Lisbon, Rome, and Madrid. This map captures that moment at its peak, on the eve of World War I, when imperial control stretched across almost the whole continent before the war began to unravel Europe’s overseas empires. Many of Africa’s modern national borders trace directly back to this period, reflecting colonial-era agreements rather than preexisting cultural or political boundaries. Data used here leverages diverse sources including UNESCO (1990), Eric Hobsbawm (1987), Henk Wesseling (1997), EBSCO (2023), and the Library of Congress. The Scramble for Africa European empires had been making incursions into Africa for centuries, as seen through the Dutch settlers who arrived in the Cape of Good Hope in 1652 and Napoleon Bonaparte’s Egyptian expedition in 1798. However, the era of New Imperialism which began in the second half of the 19th century saw significantly more complex colonial efforts by the European great powers, especially the British, French, and Germans. The “Scramble for Africa” saw these three great powers partition the African continent amongst themselves, with the process perhaps best represented by the 1885 Berlin Conference. Some of the active colonial powers, such as Belgium or Portugal, were smaller countries without extensive military power, while some European great powers like Russia and Austria-Hungary did not participate in the Scramble for Africa. A Tale of Two Colonies The British Empire was the most successful of the European empires in Africa, ruling over nearly uninterrupted lands across the eastern half of the continent. London’s dreams of a Cape to Cairo railway linking their dominions in Egypt and South Africa were dashed by geographic and political concerns, as the eastern Belgian Congo was inhospitable for railway construction while German East Africa was a possession of the leading British rival of the era. Following the end of the Great War, the British would take control of the latter territory, in what is today the country of Tanzania, although economic concerns during the Great Depression led to the dreamed railway never coming to fruition. While the British were dominant in eastern Africa, the Maghreb and much of West Africa fell under French control. There were of course nuances between cases: Algeria was annexed to the territory of metropolitan France, while Morocco and Tunisia were each protectorates ruled by leaders loyal to the French Empire. Nor did Morocco remain solely French-administered, as a 1912 treaty gave Spain dominion over northern parts of the country, near the Straits of Gibraltar, as well as a southern component bordering its Spanish Sahara colony. By this point in history, Spain, much like neighboring Portugal, was holding on to its final few colonies following major losses of control in the Americas in the preceding decades. The two Iberian countries’ lack of involvement in the world wars led to them keeping their African colonies longer than most other European states, with independence and decolonization only coming in the 1960s-1970s. Belgium and the Independent States Owing to great-power ambivalence over the Congo Basin, Belgium’s King Leopold was able to establish a single vast colony, far larger than his own country, over which to rule. Belgian Congo, with its vast rubber extraction, has been cited as one of the most brutal and damaging colonies within the continent. Meanwhile, further north only two countries managed to avoid colonization during the Partition of Africa: Ethiopia and Liberia. The former, also known as Abyssinia, successfully repelled Italian colonization during the prewar partition, although it was eventually occupied by Fascist Italy during the interwar period. Liberia, meanwhile, was founded by freed U.S. slaves and was never colonized, helping it become Africa’s longest-lasting independent state today. Learn More on the Voronoi App Is there any correlation between Roman emperors’ life spans and currency debasement? To learn more, check out this visualization on Voronoi.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Ranked: The Countries Most Dependent on Tourism (Share of GDP) See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways In Macao, international tourism accounts for 70.8% of GDP, the highest share in the world. Eight of the top 10 most tourism-dependent economies are small island nations. In contrast, tourism contributes less than 1% of GDP in 47 countries in the dataset. Tourism is a major global industry, projected to contribute $11.7 trillion to global GDP in 2025, or roughly 10% of total economic output. But its importance varies dramatically by country. For some nations, tourism is a supplementary source of income. For others, it represents the central pillar of economic activity. The chart above ranks countries by tourism’s share of GDP, using international tourism receipts from UN Tourism and GDP data from the IMF. Small Economies Lead the Ranking Macao tops the list. Visitor spending totaled $32.4 billion, equal to 70.8% of its $45.8 billion economy. Aruba follows at 69.7%, while the Maldives (68.1%) and Andorra (66.5%) also derive roughly two-thirds of their economic output from tourism. Saint Lucia ranks fifth, with tourism accounting for 53.8% of GDP. RankCountryTourism Share of GDP (%) 1 Macao70.8 2 Aruba69.7 3 Maldives68.1 4 Andorra66.5 5 Saint Lucia53.8 6 Grenada48.1 7 Antigua and Barbuda47.8 8 Seychelles46.6 9 Bahamas35.0 10 Saint Kitts and Nevis32.9 11 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines26.9 12 Malta26.4 13 Belize25.5 14 Cabo Verde23.8 15 Lebanon23.6 16 Albania21.9 17 Fiji21.5 18 Samoa19.8 19 Montenegro19.8 20 Jamaica19.7 21 Gambia19.0 22 Tuvalu18.6 23 Croatia17.9 24 Jordan16.9 25 Dominica16.8 26 Mauritius15.4 27 Barbados14.8 28 Georgia14.5 29 San Marino14.3 30 Portugal11.5 31 Tonga11.2 32 El Salvador11.1 33 Cyprus10.8 34 Qatar10.7 35 Panama10.5 36 Armenia10.5 37 Micronesia10.3 38 Greece10.1 39 Iceland9.7 40 Bahrain9.0 41 Thailand8.8 42 Dominican Republic8.8 43 Sao Tome and Principe8.7 44 Cambodia8.5 45 Morocco8.3 46 United Arab Emirates8.2 47 Luxembourg7.2 48 Laos7.0 49 Bosnia and Herzegovina6.8 50 Kyrgyzstan6.7 51 Tunisia6.7 52 Comoros6.4 53 Bhutan6.4 54 Spain6.2 55 Palau6.1 56 Costa Rica5.9 57 Malaysia5.8 58 Türkiye5.8 59 Austria5.6 60 Hong Kong5.5 61 Estonia5.5 62 Moldova5.1 63 Slovenia5.0 64 Rwanda5.0 65 Hungary4.9 66 Egypt4.5 67 Vanuatu4.4 68 Singapore4.4 69 Tanzania4.3 70 Serbia4.3 71 Bulgaria4.2 72 North Macedonia3.8 73 Saudi Arabia3.7 74 New Zealand3.7 75 Oman3.5 76 South Sudan3.3 77 Myanmar3.3 78 Namibia3.3 79 Azerbaijan3.3 80 Ireland3.2 81 Sudan3.2 82 Timor-Leste3.2 83 Ethiopia3.1 84 Mongolia3.1 85 Solomon Islands3.1 86 Latvia3.1 87 Uzbekistan3.1 88 Australia3.0 89 Trinidad and Tobago2.9 90 Puerto Rico2.9 91 Zambia2.9 92 Czechia2.9 93 Uruguay2.8 94 Sri Lanka2.8 95 Switzerland2.8 96 France2.7 97 Denmark2.7 98 Madagascar2.6 99 Nicaragua2.6 100 Italy2.6 101 Uganda2.5 102 Philippines2.4 103 Colombia2.4 104 Guyana2.4 105 United Kingdom2.3 106 Lithuania2.3 107 Canada2.2 108 Eritrea2.2 109 Senegal2.1 110 Togo2.0 111 Botswana2.0 112 Finland2.0 113 Nepal2.0 114 Honduras2.0 115 Mexico2.0 116 Brunei Darussalam1.9 117 Bolivia1.9 118 Netherlands 1.9 119 Norway1.9 120 Poland1.8 121 Kuwait1.8 122 Sweden1.8 123 Paraguay1.8 124 Iraq1.7 125 South Africa1.7 126 Peru1.6 127 Kenya1.6 128 Romania1.6 129 Belgium1.6 130 Ghana1.5 131 Iran1.5 132 Guatemala1.5 133 Japan1.5 134 Ecuador1.4 135 Chile1.4 136 Slovakia1.3 137 Benin1.3 138 Indonesia1.3 139 Central African Republic1.2 140 Djibouti1.2 141 Mozambique1.2 142 South Korea1.2 143 Guinea-Bissau1.2 144 Cameroon1.0 145 Burkina Faso1.0 146 Belarus1.0 147 Kazakhstan1.0 148 Palestine1.0 149 India0.9 150 Suriname0.9 151 United States 0.9 152 Germany0.9 153 Chad0.9 154 Argentina0.8 155 Equatorial Guinea0.8 156 Mali0.8 157 Kiribati0.7 158 Tajikistan0.6 159 Ukraine0.6 160 Nauru0.6 161 Niger0.6 162 Haiti0.5 163 Côte d’Ivoire0.5 164 Eswatini0.5 165 Venezuela0.5 166 Israel0.5 167 Taiwan0.4 168 Lesotho0.4 169 Russia0.4 170 Afghanistan0.4 171 Yemen0.4 172 Zimbabwe0.4 173 Brazil0.3 174 DRC0.3 175 Pakistan0.3 176 Sierra Leone0.3 177 Marshall Islands0.2 178 Malawi0.2 179 China0.2 180 Gabon0.2 181 Libya0.2 182 Nigeria0.1 183 Liberia0.1 184 Bangladesh0.1 185 Algeria0.1 186 Congo0.1 187 Burundi0.1 188 Mauritania0.1 189 Vietnam0.0 190 Angola0.0 191 Guinea0.0 192 Papua New Guinea0.0 The broader pattern is clear: small island nations and resort-driven economies dominate the upper ranks. Limited domestic markets and fewer large-scale industries often make international visitors a primary source of foreign exchange and employment. Diversified Economies Rank Lower The U.S. ranks 151 on the list, and international tourism accounts for just 0.86% of its GDP despite receipts totaling $251.6 billion in absolute terms. The country least reliant on tourism is Papua New Guinea, where tourism is responsible for just 0.01% of its economic output. Guinea and Angola trail closely behind at 0.02% of their respective $24.2 billion and $115.2 billion GDPs. For 47 countries in the data set, tourism generated below 1% of their GDP. Tourism Reliance Clusters around Backpacking Hotspots Clusters with higher reliance are also visible around Central America, Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia, which are backpacking hotspots. These countries are considered affordable destinations. While economic benefits are well documented, tourism-heavy economies are at particular risk to global shocks. Aruba’s real GDP, for instance, contracted 24% in 2020 when the pandemic grounded tourism to a halt, pushing business owners and citizens into economic precarity. It has since rebounded. On the other hand, over-tourism can overwhelm locals and cause tension on the ground. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about tourism, check out this graphic which charts where tourists outnumber locals.

See more visuals like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapping NYC’s Largest Immigrant Communities by Neighborhood See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways China is the largest immigrant group in 56 NYC neighborhoods, the most of any country. The Dominican Republic leads in 52 neighborhoods and is the largest immigrant group citywide. Caribbean, Latin American, and South Asian communities dominate large swaths of Queens and Brooklyn. New York City is the largest city in the U.S., and home to immigrants from nearly every corner of the globe. But which country has the largest presence in your neighborhood? This map reveals the top country of origin for foreign-born residents in all 211 NYC neighborhoods, using data from the Population FactFinder hosted by the city’s Department of City Planning While China leads the most neighborhoods overall, the Dominican Republic is the largest immigrant group citywide. The result is a clear contrast between geographic spread and total population dominance. From One Chinatown to Many in NYC China is the top overseas birthplace for immigrants in 56 neighborhoods across New York, making it the most widespread of the immigrant groups in the city today. The data table below shows the largest immigrant group of every major neighborhood in New York: Neighborhood NameLargest Immigrant Group Elmhurst China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Jackson Heights Colombia Bensonhurst China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan South Ozone Park Guyana Flushing-Willets Point China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Forest Hills China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Corona Ecuador Canarsie Jamaica Washington Heights (South) Dominican Republic Jamaica Bangladesh Murray Hill-Broadway Flushing China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Sheepshead Bay-Manhattan Beach-Gerritsen Beach Ukraine Washington Heights (North) Dominican Republic Gravesend (West) China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Ridgewood Ecuador Flatbush Haiti Woodside Mexico Queens Village Guyana Bay Ridge China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Flatlands Haiti Coney Island-Sea Gate Ukraine North Corona Ecuador Concourse-Concourse Village Dominican Republic Sunset Park (Central) China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Soundview-Bruckner-Bronx River Dominican Republic Crown Heights (North) Jamaica Gravesend (East)-Homecrest Russia University Heights (South)-Morris Heights Dominican Republic Upper East Side-Lenox Hill-Roosevelt Island China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Bedford Park Dominican Republic St. Albans Jamaica Sunnyside Ecuador Far Rockaway-Bayswater Jamaica Mount Eden-Claremont (West) Dominican Republic Williamsbridge-Olinville Jamaica Jamaica Hills-Briarwood Bangladesh Mount Hope Dominican Republic Woodhaven Dominican Republic Brighton Beach Ukraine Wakefield-Woodlawn Jamaica East Flatbush-Erasmus Haiti Hamilton Heights-Sugar Hill Dominican Republic Midwood Ukraine Upper West Side (Central) Mexico East Flushing China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Harlem (North) Dominican Republic Bushwick (East) Dominican Republic East Flatbush-Rugby Jamaica Bedford-Stuyvesant (East) Dominican Republic Madison China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Eastchester-Edenwald-Baychester Jamaica University Heights (North)-Fordham Dominican Republic East New York-City Line Bangladesh Baisley Park Guyana Dyker Heights China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Chinatown-Two Bridges China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Cypress Hills Dominican Republic Upper West Side-Lincoln Square China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Sunset Park (West) Mexico South Jamaica Guyana Crown Heights (South) Jamaica Norwood Dominican Republic East Flatbush-Farragut Haiti Astoria (Central) Mexico Hell's Kitchen China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan East Flatbush-Remsen Village Jamaica Richmond Hill Guyana Maspeth Poland Sunset Park (East)-Borough Park (West) China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Upper East Side-Yorkville India East Village China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan East New York-New Lots Jamaica Flatbush (West)-Ditmas Park-Parkville Bangladesh College Point China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Brownsville Jamaica East Harlem (South) China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Williamsburg Dominican Republic Bedford-Stuyvesant (West) Dominican Republic Rego Park China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Chelsea-Hudson Yards China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Bath Beach China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Inwood Dominican Republic Auburndale China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Astoria (North)-Ditmars-SteinwayGreece Bushwick (West) Dominican Republic Borough Park China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Prospect Lefferts Gardens-Wingate Jamaica Fordham Heights Dominican Republic South Richmond Hill Guyana Astoria (East)-Woodside (North) Mexico Mott Haven-Port Morris Dominican Republic Murray Hill-Kips Bay India Pomonok-Electchester-Hillcrest China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Bayside China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan East Elmhurst Ecuador Gravesend (South) Ukraine East New York (North) Dominican Republic Kensington Bangladesh Ozone Park (North) Bangladesh Lower East Side China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan East Harlem (North) Dominican Republic Kew Gardens Hills China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Kingsbridge Heights-Van Cortlandt Village Dominican Republic Bellerose India Jamaica Estates-Holliswood Bangladesh Grasmere-Arrochar-South Beach-Dongan Hills China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan New Springville-Willowbrook-Bulls Head-Travis China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Middle Village Poland Marine Park-Mill Basin-Bergen Beach Ukraine Financial District-Battery Park City China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Rockaway Beach-Arverne-Edgemere Guyana East Williamsburg China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Harlem (South) Dominican Republic Allerton Dominican Republic Castle Hill-Unionport Dominican Republic Queensboro Hill China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Upper West Side-Manhattan Valley China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Belmont Dominican Republic Glendale Ecuador Springfield Gardens (North)-Rochdale Village Jamaica Carroll Gardens-Cobble Hill-Gowanus-Red Hook China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Ocean Hill Dominican Republic Great Kills-Eltingville China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Hollis Guyana Queensbridge-Ravenswood-Dutch Kills Bangladesh Morningside Heights China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Parkchester Bangladesh Upper East Side-Carnegie HillCanada Long Island City-Hunters Point China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Rosedale Jamaica Longwood Dominican Republic Oakland Gardens-Hollis Hills China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Tremont Dominican Republic Laurelton Jamaica East Midtown-Turtle Bay China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Riverdale-Spuyten Duyvil Dominican Republic Mapleton-Midwood (West) China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Greenpoint Poland Glen Oaks-Floral Park-New Hyde Park India Springfield Gardens (South)-Brookville Jamaica Downtown Brooklyn-DUMBO-Boerum Hill China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Melrose Dominican Republic Fresh Meadows-Utopia China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Whitestone-Beechhurst China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Park Slope Taiwan Highbridge Dominican Republic Crotona Park East Dominican Republic Pelham Gardens Dominican Republic Ozone Park Bangladesh Co-op City Jamaica Throgs Neck-Schuylerville Dominican Republic Morrisania Dominican Republic Douglaston-Little Neck China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan New Dorp-Midland Beach China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Kew Gardens Russia Mariner's Harbor-Arlington-Graniteville Mexico Todt Hill-Emerson Hill-Lighthouse Hill-Manor Heights India Soundview-Clason Point Dominican Republic Pelham Parkway-Van Nest Dominican Republic Rosebank-Shore Acres-Park Hill China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Kingsbridge-Marble Hill Dominican Republic Cambria Heights Jamaica Midtown-Times Square India West New Brighton-Silver Lake-Grymes HillAlbania Midtown South-Flatiron-Union Square China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Bay Terrace-Clearview China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Annadale-Huguenot-Prince's Bay-WoodrowItaly Fort Greene China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Morris Park Dominican Republic Manhattanville-West Harlem Dominican Republic SoHo-Little Italy-Hudson Square China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Pelham Bay-Country Club-City Island Dominican Republic Westchester Square Bangladesh Arden Heights-Rossville China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Greenwich Village China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Port Richmond Mexico Howard Beach-LindenwoodItaly Westerleigh-Castleton Corners Mexico West Village United Kingdom, excluding England and Scotland Clinton Hill China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Stuyvesant Town-Peter Cooper Village China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Tompkinsville-Stapleton-Clifton-Fox Hills Mexico West Farms Dominican Republic Spring Creek-Starrett City Ukraine Old Astoria-Hallets Point Dominican Republic Tribeca-Civic Center China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan Windsor Terrace-South Slope Mexico Claremont Village-Claremont (East) Dominican Republic St. George-New Brighton Mexico Prospect HeightsCanada South Williamsburg Dominican Republic Gramercy India Oakwood-Richmondtown Ukraine Hunts Point Dominican Republic Brooklyn Heights United Kingdom, excluding England and Scotland Breezy Point-Belle Harbor-Rockaway Park-Broad ChannelIreland Tottenville-Charleston Ukraine Rikers Island Dominican Republic Randall's Island Dominican Republic Fort Hamilton Korea Fort Wadsworth Mexico Hutchinson Metro Center Ecuador Alley Pond Park Israel Holy Cross Cemetery Barbados Miller Field Ecuador Freshkills Park (South) Poland Barren Island-Floyd Bennett Field Panama Pelham Bay Park Trinidad and Tobago Sunnyside Yards (North) Japan Jacob Riis Park-Fort Tilden-Breezy Point Tip Germany Bronx Park South Africa Chinese New Yorkers are found across all five boroughs and in many cases congregate inside Chinatown enclaves where storefronts and restaurants in Mandarin and Cantonese are familiar sights. While Manhattan’s Chinatown is the most famous in the city, and perhaps the world, today Queens is home to the largest Chinatown outside of Asia, in the neighborhood of Flushing. Little Santo Domingo However, ahead even of Chinese New Yorkers are their Dominican counterparts, which make up over 12% of the city’s population. Despite the Dominican Republic being miniscule in size compared to giants like China or India, Dominicans are the largest immigrant group in New York. They also tend to be far more concentrated, with a vast majority residing in the Bronx and Upper Manhattan neighborhoods like Inwood, East Harlem, and Washington Heights. Interestingly, the first ever permanent, non-indigenous resident of what is today New York City was actually born in the Spanish colony which would become the Dominican Republic. Juan Rodriguez, a trader of mixed European and African descent, arrived on Manhattan Island in 1613. A Brand New Start of It, in Old New York Beyond Chinese and Dominican New Yorkers, the city is home to millions of others, often with some borough-wide differences. Queens has become home to thousands of Caribbean immigrants from countries like Jamaica and Guyana, while some neighborhoods in Brooklyn and Staten Island retain their old-world connections through sizable Italian, Polish, and Ukrainian populations. Beyond the Dominicans, nearly a third of New Yorkers claim some sort of Latin American ancestry, with sizable populations in particular of Mexicans, Ecuadorians, and Colombians. South Asians like Bengalis and Indians are also well represented across all five boroughs. Over 800 languages are spoken in New York today, and the city is known for its sizable ethnic enclaves in which large immigrant populations congregate. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out New York City has over 5,600 Millionaire Renters on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

Charted: The Populations of Africa and Europe Over Time Key Takeaways Europe once had several times Africa’s population, but that gap has fully reversed. Africa’s population is projected to more than double by 2100, reaching nearly 4 billion. Europe’s population is expected to decline gradually over the rest of the century. This chart, created by Oscar Leo of DataCanvas, compares the long-run population trends of Africa and Europe using UN Population Projections compiled by Our World in Data. It highlights one of the most dramatic demographic shifts of the past 100 years, and the even bigger changes expected ahead. Below is a comparison of population data in Europe and Africa from 1950 to 2024, and projected out until 2100. YearAfrica Population (M)Europe Population (M) 1950227.8548.9 1960283.9605.8 1970365.6657.0 1980483.1694.3 1990643.8724.1 2000830.6728.2 20101,072.2738.1 20201,380.8749.5 20301,727.2738.4 20402,095.7722.1 20502,466.6703.0 20602,821.5676.2 20703,145.2648.6 20803,424.7626.4 20903,649.0608.7 21003,813.9592.3 In 1900, Europe had roughly 407 million people, nearly three times Africa’s 139 million. By 2100, Africa is projected to reach 3.8 billion, while Europe declines to about 592 million. From European Peak to African Surge In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Europe was a dominant population center. Industrialization, urbanization, and improvements in medicine drove rapid growth, even as millions emigrated abroad. Europe’s population peaked in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Since then, aging populations and persistently low fertility rates have slowed growth and, in many countries, triggered outright decline. Africa’s recent demographic surge is more rapid and structurally transformative. Africa as the Engine of Global Growth Over the past few decades, Africa’s population has expanded rapidly due to high fertility rates and falling child mortality. Today, it is the fastest-growing continent. According to UN projections, Africa will account for a large share of global population growth this century. By 2100, nearly one in three people on Earth could live on the continent. This shift is closely tied to broader global trends, as shown in our analysis of the world’s top countries by population in 2100, where several African nations climb into the top ranks. Why the Divergence? The divergence between Europe and Africa reflects differences in: Fertility rates: Europe averages well below replacement levels, while many African countries remain above it. Median age: Europe is one of the world’s oldest regions; Africa is the youngest. Migration patterns: Immigration cushions Europe’s decline, but not enough to offset aging trends. The result is a profound rebalancing of global demographics. Two centuries ago, Europe was a population heavyweight and Africa comparatively small. By the end of this century, Africa will be the clear demographic engine of the world.

Mapped: The Global Response to Trump’s Board of Peace This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways 27 countries accepted invitations to Trump’s proposed “Board of Peace” so far. Much of Western Europe declined, though several countries, such as India, Japan, and Italy, sent observers instead of formally joining. This map, created by Iswardi Ishak using a variety of government statements and media reports, shows how countries responded to invitations to join former President Donald Trump’s proposed “Board of Peace.” The initiative aims to convene a coalition of states to promote negotiated settlements in active conflicts, with early discussions reportedly focused on the Middle East. Below is a breakdown of each country’s official stance as of February 21, 2026: CountryResponse to Board of Peace Invitation AustriaDeclined CroatiaDeclined FranceDeclined GermanyDeclined IrelandDeclined New ZealandDeclined NorwayDeclined SloveniaDeclined SpainDeclined SwedenDeclined United KingdomDeclined Vatican CityDeclined AlbaniaMember ArgentinaMember ArmeniaMember AzerbaijanMember BahrainMember BelarusMember BulgariaMember CambodiaMember EgyptMember El SalvadorMember HungaryMember IndonesiaMember IsraelMember JordanMember KazakhstanMember KosovoMember KuwaitMember MongoliaMember MoroccoMember PakistanMember ParaguayMember QatarMember Saudi ArabiaMember TurkeyMember United Arab EmiratesMember United States of AmericaMember UzbekistanMember VietnamMember AustraliaNo Response BrazilNo Response ChinaNo Response NetherlandsNo Response PhilippinesNo Response RussiaNo Response SingaporeNo Response UkraineNo Response CyprusObserver CzechiaObserver FinlandObserver GreeceObserver IndiaObserver ItalyObserver JapanObserver MexicoObserver OmanObserver PolandObserver PortugalObserver RomaniaObserver SlovakiaObserver South KoreaObserver SwitzerlandObserver ThailandObserver CanadaRescinded The response forms a patchwork. While parts of the Middle East and Eastern Europe signed on, much of Western Europe declined outright. Meanwhile, several major economies opted for observer roles, signaling caution rather than full endorsement. Who Accepted the Invitation? Countries that accepted span multiple regions, including Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, Pakistan, Argentina, Hungary, and Israel. Several Gulf states, such as Qatar, the UAE, and Bahrain, also joined. To participate, nations were reportedly required to endorse a framework centered on mediated negotiations and reconstruction funding mechanisms. According to media coverage of the Board’s first meeting, discussions emphasized post-conflict governance models and humanitarian coordination, though no binding agreements have yet been announced. The geographic spread suggests stronger uptake among countries with closer diplomatic or strategic ties to Washington, as well as states seeking a more active role in shaping conflict resolution talks. Observer Status: A Middle Ground A third group—including India, Japan, Italy, Greece, and Switzerland—declined formal membership but sent envoys as observers. This approach allows governments to stay informed and potentially influence discussions without committing to the Board’s structure or political implications. For some European countries, this middle-ground response reflects a balancing act between alliance commitments and domestic political considerations. Who’s Out of the Board of Peace? Several Western European nations—including France, Germany, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom—declined the invitation entirely. Australia and Brazil also did not formally accept. Canada’s situation stands out. Initially invited, Ottawa’s invitation was later withdrawn amid diplomatic friction. The shift came after Prime Minister Mark Carney’s speech at the World Economic Forum in Davos, where he warned of the “collapse” or erosion of the postwar rules-based international order. While he did not mention the United States or Donald Trump by name, his address was widely interpreted as a veiled critique of the second Trump administration’s foreign policy. Within hours of Carney’s speech, Trump took to social media to officially withdraw the invitation, describing the Board of Peace as the “most prestigious Board of Leaders ever assembled”. Also of note are the broad swaths of gray on the map. These nations, including almost all of Africa, did not receive an invite to join the Board. A Fragmented Peace Landscape Whether the Board of Peace evolves into a durable diplomatic forum, or remains symbolic, will likely depend on whether it produces tangible ceasefires, reconstruction frameworks, or formal agreements. For now, the map illustrates a divided international community navigating an increasingly complex peace landscape. Learn More on the Voronoi App Interested in how global conflict trends are shifting over time? Explore Peace Agreements Have Notably Declined on the Voronoi app to see how formal peace deals have changed in recent decades—and what that could mean for new initiatives like the Board of Peace.

Published 4 hours ago on February 28, 2026 By Ryan Bellefontaine Graphics & Design Zack Aboulazm Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Pinterest Email The following content is sponsored by National Public Utilities Council Where Attacks Happen in Cyber Intrusions Key Takeaways Florida led U.S. carbon offsets in 2025, ahead of California and Ohio by credits issued. Data center electricity use is rising quickly, and emissions could rise as a consequence. Utilities are pairing offsets with reliability planning as AI-driven electricity demand accelerates. AI-driven data centers are driving up U.S. electricity demand, and utilities are being asked to add capacity faster than usual. Consequently, carbon offsets are getting renewed attention as a near-term tool while long-lead infrastructure comes online. This graphic, in partnership with the National Public Utilities Council, maps carbon offset credits issued across U.S. states in 2025 using data from UC Berkeley’s Voluntary Registry Offsets Database. Carbon Offsets Across the U.S. in 2025 Here is a table showing carbon offset credits issued by state in 2025. StateCredits Issued in tCO₂e (2025) Florida7,196,787.95 California6,643,770.50 Ohio5,822,505.00 Texas5,659,970.60 West Virginia5,229,515.00 Georgia3,877,432.12 Illinois2,789,297.50 New Mexico2,624,583.50 Iowa2,432,445.00 Arizona2,216,276.00 Arkansas1,873,127.50 Virginia1,682,361.58 Maine1,478,850.50 Missouri1,383,340.50 Pennsylvania1,339,430.08 Oklahoma1,261,148.50 Kentucky1,157,366.00 New York1,132,181.67 Michigan1,095,907.17 Wisconsin1,003,886.83 Mississippi998,105.00 Louisiana855,889.00 Washington817,527.00 Oregon787,698.50 Colorado782,318.75 Indiana720,079.73 Alaska662,895.00 Massachusetts624,174.83 Tennessee522,554.37 Montana473,455.00 Kansas450,827.00 New Hampshire423,215.83 Alabama398,439.62 North Carolina372,688.00 Wyoming301,169.00 Minnesota284,943.42 Connecticut218,534.00 Vermont213,278.33 New Jersey112,381.00 Utah92,610.00 South Carolina72,828.45 Delaware30,803.33 South Dakota17,418.93 Nebraska16,721.40 Hawaii0 Idaho0 Maryland0 Nevada0 North Dakota0 Rhode Island0 Offset credits are measured in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO₂e) and can represent verified reductions or removals from many different project types. ​​However, this dataset is limited to voluntary registry credits issued and doesn’t include all offset activity nationwide. The Leaders for 2025 Florida leads with 7.20 million tCO₂e, followed by California (6.64 million) and Ohio (5.82 million).Texas (5.66 million) and West Virginia (5.23 million) round out the top five, while Hawaii, Idaho, Maryland, North Dakota, Rhode Island, and Nevada report zero. Even though more projects generally correlate with more offsets, Florida ranked #1 in offsets with 41 projects, compared to 198 for California and 277 for Ohio. These offset projects can range from forest management to agricultural methane capture to chemical processes such as refrigerant destruction. For scale, 1 million tCO₂e is about what 16 million urban tree seedlings grown for 10 years can sequester in a year. Utilities Respond to AI Load Growth Data center electricity use is rising quickly, and AI is a key driver of that growth. 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