Mapped: The Global Fertility Divide Key Takeaways Just 43% of the world’s countries have fertility rates above the replacement threshold of 2.1 children per woman. Europe, East Asia, and most of the Americas are now below replacement, while most African countries remain above it. A handful of countries, from Tunisia to Guatemala, stand out as exceptions to their regional trends. The world is becoming increasingly divided by fertility. One group of countries now has too few births to naturally replace its population, while another continues to see population growth driven by higher fertility rates. This demographic divide has major implications for aging populations, labor markets, immigration, and future economic growth. This map shows which countries are above and below the replacement fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman, using projections for 2025 from the UN World Population Prospects 2024 Revision. While the regional patterns are striking, several countries buck the trend. Fertility Rates by Country The table below lists projected fertility rates for 2025 and whether each country falls above or below the 2.1 replacement threshold. CountryTotal Fertility Rate (TFR)Above or Below 2.1 (Replacement Rate) Chad5.94Above Somalia5.91Above DR Congo5.90Above Central African Republic5.81Above Niger5.79Above Mali5.42Above Angola4.95Above Burundi4.68Above Afghanistan4.66Above Mozambique4.62Above Mauritania4.56Above Mayotte4.50Above Tanzania4.47Above Benin4.42Above Yemen4.41Above Nigeria4.30Above Sudan4.19Above Cameroon4.19Above Ivory Coast4.17Above Togo4.07Above Uganda4.06Above Congo4.05Above Guinea4.04Above Equatorial Guinea4.04Above Burkina Faso4.00Above Zambia3.97Above Madagascar3.84Above Ethiopia3.81Above Gambia3.80Above Liberia3.79Above Comoros3.76Above Samoa3.75Above Senegal3.71Above South Sudan3.71Above Guinea-Bissau3.68Above Zimbabwe3.62Above Sierra Leone3.61Above Eritrea3.61Above Rwanda3.59Above Gabon3.54Above Malawi3.53Above Vanuatu3.53Above Sao Tome and Principe3.53Above Pakistan3.50Above Solomon Islands3.47Above Uzbekistan3.45Above Ghana3.30Above French Guiana3.29Above Nauru3.25Above Palestine3.19Above Iraq3.17Above Namibia3.17Above Tuvalu3.14Above Kenya3.12Above Kiribati3.09Above Tonga3.07Above Papua New Guinea3.03Above Tajikistan2.99Above Kazakhstan2.95Above Marshall Islands2.82Above Israel2.75Above Kyrgyzstan2.75Above Egypt2.71Above Guam2.71Above Micronesia2.71Above Eswatini2.68Above Algeria2.67Above Syria2.66Above Botswana2.66Above Lesotho2.64Above Turkmenistan2.63Above Saint Martin (French part)2.63Above Haiti2.59Above Mongolia2.58Above Djibouti2.58Above Jordan2.57Above Tokelau2.57Above Timor-Leste2.56Above Cambodia2.51Above Bolivia2.50Above Oman2.48Above Niue2.46Above Honduras2.45Above Paraguay2.39Above Guyana2.37Above Laos2.36Above Saudi Arabia2.29Above Northern Mariana Islands2.28Above Guatemala2.26Above Libya2.25Above Fiji2.25Above American Samoa2.25Above Lebanon2.21Above Suriname2.21Above Faroe Islands2.20Above South Africa2.19Above Dominican Republic2.19Above Morocco2.18Above Nicaragua2.18Above Western Sahara2.15Above Réunion2.13Above Bangladesh2.11Above Indonesia2.10Above Panama2.09Below Monaco2.09Below Myanmar2.08Below Seychelles2.08Below United States Virgin Islands2.07Below Venezuela2.06Below Guadeloupe2.05Below Belize2.01Below Cook Islands2.00Below Martinique1.97Below New Caledonia1.95Below India1.94Below Peru1.94Below Nepal1.94Below Sri Lanka1.94Below Greenland1.91Below Philippines1.88Below Vietnam1.88Below Gibraltar1.88Below Mexico1.87Below Palau1.86Below Tunisia1.80Below Montenegro1.80Below Ecuador1.79Below Georgia1.79Below Bahrain1.78Below Dem. People's Republic of Korea1.77Below El Salvador1.75Below St. Vincent & Grenadines1.75Below Bulgaria1.74Below Moldova1.72Below Romania1.71Below Armenia1.71Below Brunei1.71Below Qatar1.70Below Barbados1.70Below Falkland Islands1.69Below Iran1.67Below Azerbaijan1.66Below New Zealand1.65Below France1.64Below Australia1.64Below St. Helena1.64Below United States1.62Below Turkey1.62Below Colombia1.62Below Aruba1.61Below Brazil1.60Below Ireland1.60Below Slovenia1.58Below Antigua and Barbuda1.58Below Slovakia1.57Below Maldives1.55Below United Kingdom1.54Below Liechtenstein1.54Below Malaysia1.53Below Kosovo (under UNSC res. 1244)1.53Below Isle of Man1.53Below Portugal1.52Below Denmark1.52Below Trinidad and Tobago1.52Below Cayman Islands1.51Below St. Kitts & Nevis1.51Below Argentina1.50Below Hungary1.50Below Serbia1.50Below Kuwait1.50Below Bosnia and Herzegovina1.50Below Cape Verde1.50Below Iceland1.50Below French Polynesia1.48Below Czechia1.47Below Croatia1.47Below North Macedonia1.47Below Dominica1.47Below Russia1.46Below Germany1.46Below Grenada1.46Below Cuba1.45Below Bonaire1.45Below Montserrat1.45Below Netherlands1.44Below Sweden1.44Below Switzerland1.44Below Bhutan1.44Below Turks and Caicos Islands1.44Below Sint Maarten1.43Below Norway1.42Below Bermuda1.41Below Luxembourg1.40Below Wallis & Futuna1.40Below Belgium1.39Below Uruguay1.39Below St. Lucia1.38Below Jersey1.38Below Cyprus1.37Below Estonia1.37Below Guernsey1.37Below Bahamas1.36Below Latvia1.35Below Anguilla1.35Below Greece1.34Below Jamaica1.34Below Canada1.33Below Austria1.33Below Albania1.33Below Poland1.31Below Costa Rica1.31Below Finland1.30Below Saint Pierre and Miquelon1.28Below Japan1.23Below Spain1.23Below Belarus1.22Below Lithuania1.22Below Italy1.21Below United Arab Emirates1.21Below Mauritius1.21Below Thailand1.19Below San Marino1.16Below Chile1.13Below Malta1.11Below Andorra1.10Below Curacao1.07Below British Virgin Islands1.06Below China1.02Below Ukraine1.00Below Singapore0.96Below Puerto Rico0.94Below Taiwan0.86Below St. Barthélemy0.83Below South Korea0.75Below Hong Kong0.74Below Macao0.69Below The Great Fertility Divide The divide is strikingly regional. Europe is entirely below replacement fertility, joined by most countries across the Americas and East Asia. Meanwhile, most African countries, along with parts of the Middle East, Central Asia, and Southeast Asia, remain above the replacement threshold. The map also reveals several notable exceptions. Geographic Pockets That Buck the Trend While regional patterns are remarkably consistent, several countries stand out as exceptions to their neighbors: Central America: Honduras, Nicaragua, and Guatemala all have fertility rates just over replacement. On both the north and south sides, virtually every other country in the Americas is below replacement. Africa: Tunisia is the sole country in continental Africa with a rate under 2.1. South America: There are two pockets of higher fertility: Peru and Paraguay, and the Guianas (Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana). Middle East: UAE, Qatar, and Bahrain are below 2.1, while surrounding nations in virtually every direction are above replacement. South/Central Asia: A strip of connected countries, from Pakistan all the way up through Kazakhstan to Mongolia, has higher fertility. Bangladesh also stands out as higher fertility. Southeast Asia: Laos and Cambodia stand out as above replacement. Indonesia is the only country with exactly a 2.1 fertility rate, equal to replacement. Most of these outliers are countries at different stages of the demographic transition than their neighbors. Their fertility rates remain above or below replacement while surrounding countries have already moved in the other direction, creating pockets that stand apart from the broader regional pattern. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, see Japan’s birthrate collapse over the last 60 years in this visualization on Voronoi.

Use This Visualization How Global Central Bank Reserves Have Shifted Since 2000 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The U.S. dollar’s share of global central bank reserves has fallen from nearly 59% in 2000 to just under 40% in 2025. Gold has become the biggest beneficiary of reserve diversification, rising from 11% to nearly one-quarter of global reserves. The recent jump in gold’s share reflects both record central bank buying and rising gold prices, which increased the value of existing holdings. For more than two decades, central banks have gradually diversified their reserve portfolios. While the U.S. dollar remains the world’s dominant reserve asset, its share has steadily declined as countries have added gold and a broader mix of currencies. This visualization tracks how global official reserves have changed between 2000 and 2025. It shows that gold has been the biggest winner of this shift, climbing to nearly one-quarter of total reserves even as no single currency has come close to replacing the dollar. The data comes from the IMF’s Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves (COFER) database and International Liquidity (IL) dataset. The Dollar Remains Dominant—but Its Share Is Shrinking The U.S. dollar accounted for nearly 59% of global reserves in 2000, compared with just under 40% by the end of 2025. Central Bank Reserve Assets20002025Change Gold11.4%24.5%+13.0 pts U.S. dollar58.7%39.6%-19.1 pts Euro14.8%14.1%-0.7 pts Yen5.5%4.0%-1.5 pts Pound2.9%3.1%+0.2 pts Renminbi—1.4%+1.4 pts Other6.8%13.4%+6.7 pts Although no other currency has come close to replacing it individually, central banks have steadily diversified their reserve portfolios over time. The euro remains the second-largest reserve currency, while the Japanese yen, British pound, and Chinese renminbi together account for a relatively modest share. Gold Has Become the Biggest Winner Gold’s share of global reserves has more than doubled since the early 2000s, reaching 24.5% in 2025. Unlike reserve currencies, gold carries no sovereign issuer and cannot be frozen or sanctioned by another government, making it increasingly attractive in an era of geopolitical uncertainty. The sharp rise during 2024 and 2025 reflects both strong central bank purchases and higher gold prices, which increased the value of existing holdings. As geopolitical fragmentation continues, reserve diversification is likely to remain a defining theme for central banks worldwide. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out  Mapped: How Major Currency Performance Shifted in 2025 on Voronoi.

Published 2 hours ago on June 29, 2026 By Julia Wendling Article & Editing Jenna Ross Graphics & Design Jennifer West Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Pinterest Email The following content is sponsored by Terzo Ranked: America’s 20 Highest-Paying College Degrees The highest-paying college degrees can shape a graduate’s earning potential for decades. While factors like industry, location, and experience influence salaries, some majors consistently lead to higher pay than others. This visualization, created in partnership with Terzo as part of the Markets in a Minute series, ranks America’s highest paying college degrees based on median mid-career wages. The data comes from the New York Fed and highlights which majors deliver the strongest long-term earning potential in 2024. Engineering Dominates the Highest-Paying College Degrees Engineering majors claim many of the top spots in the rankings. Chemical engineering leads the list with a median mid-career wage of $135k. Computer engineering and aerospace engineering follow close behind at $131k and $130k, respectively. RankMajorMid-Career Median Wage ($k) 1Chemical Engineering135 2Computer Engineering131 3Aerospace Engineering130 4Electrical Engineering123 5Computer Science120 6Mechanical Engineering120 7Construction Services120 8Civil Engineering115 9Economics115 10Finance112 11Business Analytics109 12General Engineering105 13Misc Engineering105 14Physics105 15Engineering Technologies104 16Info Systems & Mgmt100 17Industrial Engineering100 18Biochemistry100 19Mathematics100 20Political Science100 Electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and civil engineering also rank among the highest paying college degrees. These fields benefit from sustained demand across manufacturing, infrastructure, energy, and advanced technology industries. Engineers also earn some of the highest salaries immediately after graduation. Recent graduates typically make between $75k and $90k annually, giving many engineering majors a strong head start. Technology Degrees Continue to Deliver Strong Earnings Technology-focused majors also offer impressive returns. Computer science ranks fifth overall, with a median mid-career wage of $120k. Information systems and management also appears among the top-paying degrees. As companies invest in artificial intelligence, automation, and digital transformation, graduates with technical skills remain in high demand. Business and Science Degrees Offer Competitive Pay Not all of the highest paying college degrees fall within engineering or technology. Economics ranks ninth, with a median mid-career wage of $115k. Finance follows at $112k, while business analytics reaches $109k. Several science majors also make the list. Physics, biochemistry, and mathematics each deliver median mid-career wages of $100k or more. These disciplines provide analytical and quantitative skills that employers value across many industries. What the Highest Paying College Degrees Mean for Leaders Compensation remains one of the largest expenses for most organizations. Understanding which degrees command the highest wages can help CFOs benchmark talent costs, identify skills shortages, and plan future workforce investments. In a market where success increasingly depends on maximizing existing assets, contract data has become an important source of untapped value. NirvanAI helps businesses unlock insights hidden within their contracts, turning complex data into actionable intelligence. For CFOs, that means faster decisions, lower risk, and a clearer view of opportunities across the organization. Learn how Terzo’s NirvanAI can help your company save money by turning contract PDFs into structured, actionable insights. You may also like Revenue2 weeks ago Ranked: The Biggest U.S. Companies by Revenue Amazon ends Walmart’s 13-year reign at the top, reshaping the 2026 leaderboard of the biggest U.S. companies by revenue. Culture3 weeks ago The Biggest Summer Blockbusters Since 2010, by Box Office Sales See which highest grossing summer movies ruled the box office since 2010, and why only one original film reached No. 1. Trade1 month ago U.S. Trade is Falling With China—but Surging With Taiwan and Vietnam U.S. trade is being reshaped by AI demand, tariffs, and companies shifting toward alternative manufacturing hubs. Housing2 months ago Where Luxury Housing Prices Surged the Most in 2025 Luxury housing prices climbed in 2025, led by Tokyo’s nearly 60% jump. See which global cities saw the fastest growth. GDP2 months ago Which U.S. States Have the Highest GDP per Capita? See how GDP per capita varies widely across U.S. states, from under $60K in Mississippi to nearly $280K in Washington, D.C. GDP2 months ago Ranked: 2026 GDP Growth Forecasts for the World’s 20 Largest Economies Which major economies are set to grow the fastest in 2026? Explore GDP growth projections for the world’s 20 largest countries. Currency3 months ago Ranked: Currencies Soaring Against the U.S. Dollar See the top-performing currencies against the U.S. dollar and what’s driving their gains, from strong foreign investment to interest rates. Money3 months ago Breaking Down the $417 Billion Sports Industry At an estimated $417 billion in total value today, the sports market continues to expand rapidly. What are the top revenue streams? Business4 months ago Ranked: The World’s Top Startup Hubs Startup ecosystems are emerging around the world, but a small group of countries continues to lead the charge. Inflation4 months ago Ranked: The Biggest Price Shocks Businesses Are Facing Wholesale turkey prices have gone up a whopping 70%. Where else are businesses being hit by high inflation? Business5 months ago What a CFO’s Hour is Worth: Ranking the Top Earners Top CFOs are earnings thousands per hour in compensation. Who’s leading the pack, and how much are they making? Markets6 months ago Breaking Down America’s $13 Trillion ETF Market This visualization breaks down the U.S. $13.4 trillion ETF market by asset class, showing how ETFs allocate capital across equities, bonds, and more. Markets6 months ago 2025 in Review: The Ups, Downs, and Returns of Global Markets Which country led stock markets in 2025? See the biggest shocks, rebounds, and year-end returns in this global recap. Markets7 months ago Mapped: The Biggest Housing Bubble Risks Globally Which global cities are most at risk of a housing bubble? This new map ranks the world’s most overheated real estate markets. Technology7 months ago Ranked: The Top Factors That Build AI Trust Want AI your team will trust? Pull back the curtain on the top factors that make people believe in artificial intelligence. Technology7 months ago Ranked: AI Hallucination Rates by Model Find out how common AI hallucination is for leading models, and what that means for the businesses that rely on them. Technology7 months ago The Dangers of AI: Visualizing the Top Risks Companies Face Among the dangers of AI, one stands apart as causing trouble for almost a third of companies. What do leaders need to know? Business7 months ago Ranked: Which Universities Build the Most Entrepreneurs? Which university has had the most alumni become entrepreneurs in the last decade? Hint: its not Stanford or Harvard. Economy8 months ago Mapped: Where Workers Are Supporting the Most Seniors In many advanced economies, the number of retirees is climbing while the working-age population shrinks. What are the countries where workers are supporting the most seniors? Economy8 months ago The United States of Unemployment The national unemployment rate for the U.S. rose to 4.3% in August 2025. But that figure masks vast differences in local labor market health across states. Markets8 months ago Ranked: The Economies Most Dependent on International Trade A trade war has threatened economic ties in 2025. Which economies are most exposed to these shifts in international trade? Economy8 months ago Top Countries Behind U.S. Tariff Revenue Tariff rates vary by country, as does the value of goods each nation exports to the U.S. Which countries contribute the most? Business9 months ago Industries Hiring and Firing the Most Employees As the U.S. labor market cools, which industries are still hiring—and which are cutting back their workforces? Markets9 months ago The $150T Global Debt Market Global debt continues to climb, reaching $150T in Q1 2025. Which countries carry the heaviest burdens? Money9 months ago NEW: Fed Rate Cuts vs. Other G7 Countries How do Fed rate cuts in the U.S. compare with the interest rate changes in other G7 countries, and what does it mean for business? Jobs10 months ago Ranked: The Fastest Growing Jobs (2024-2034) Explore the fastest growing jobs by projected growth rate, plus salary insights, in a rapidly changing job market. Investor Education10 months ago The $127 Trillion Global Stock Market in One Giant Chart This graphic pieces together the $127T global stock market to reveal which countries and regions dominate—and how much equity they control. Personal Finance11 months ago Late to the Ladder: The Rise in First-Time Home Buyers’ Age The median age of first-time home buyers has reached a historic high. See just how long it’s taking people to get on the property ladder. Markets11 months ago Unpacking Real Estate Ownership by Generation (1991 vs. 2025) The Silent Generation’s share of real estate has dropped dramatically as people age, but how have Baby Boomers, Gen X, and Millennials fared? Business11 months ago America’s Economic Engines: The Biggest Industry in Every State Real estate is the biggest industry by GDP in 26 states. Find out why it dominates—and what fuels the rest of the country. Maps12 months ago Mapped: Manufacturing as a Share of GDP, by U.S. State Tariffs are rising to boost American-made goods. Which states gain the most—and least—from manufacturing today? Technology12 months ago Profit Powerhouses: Ranking The Top 10 U.S. Companies by Net Income Collectively, the ten most profitable U.S. companies have a net income of $684 billion—more than the entire GDP of Belgium. Money1 year ago Millionaire Hubs: Mapping the World’s Wealthiest Cities New York City has the highest millionaire population globally. Which other cities attract the world’s wealthiest? Economy1 year ago Tomorrow’s Growth: GDP Projections in Key Economies The global economy is expected to have slighter slower growth going forward. Which countries are on track to have the biggest GDP increases? Money1 year ago Mapped: Interest Rates by Country in 2025 The U.S. has kept their target rate the same at 4.25-4.50%. What do interest rates look like in other countries amid economic uncertainty? Markets1 year ago U.S. Housing Prices: Which States Are Booming or Cooling? The national housing market saw a 4.5% rise in house prices. This graphic reveals which states had high price growth, and which didn’t. Investor Education1 year ago The Silent Thief: How Inflation Erodes Investment Gains If you held a $1,000 investment from 1975-2024, this chart shows how the inflation rate can drastically reduce the value of your money. Politics1 year ago Trade Tug of War: America’s Largest Trade Deficits Trump cites trade deficits—the U.S. importing more than it exports—as one reason for tariffs. Which countries represent the largest deficits? Subscribe Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.Join 375,000+ email subscribers: *Sign Up

Use This Visualization Ranked: The World’s Safest Countries for Investors in 2026 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Switzerland ranks as the world’s safest country for investors in 2026, ahead of Denmark and Norway. Europe claims nine of the top 10 spots, with Singapore the only non-European country in the top tier. The U.S. ranks 24th as political instability and other risk factors weigh on its overall score. Where is capital best protected in an increasingly uncertain world? This ranking from Henley & Partners scores 50 countries based on their ability to withstand economic and geopolitical shocks, measuring factors like political stability, inflation, governance, public finances, and currency risk rather than expected investment returns. Europe Leads the Global Rankings Switzerland ranks first with a score of 88.4 out of 100, followed by Denmark and Norway. Europe dominates the list overall, accounting for nine of the top 10 countries. Singapore is the lone exception, placing fourth thanks to its strong governance, sound public finances, and highly competitive business environment. RankCountryGlobal Investment Risk and Resilience Score2026 1 Switzerland88.4 2 Denmark85.1 3 Norway83.5 4 Singapore83.4 5 Sweden83.2 6 Luxembourg83.0 7 Finland82.1 8 Netherlands80.8 9 Germany80.7 10 Iceland79.8 11 Canada78.5 12 Austria78.5 13 Estonia78.4 14 Czechia78.0 15 Ireland77.9 16 New Zealand77.8 17 Hong Kong SAR76.5 18 Slovenia75.7 19 UK75.2 20 South Korea74.8 21 Belgium74.4 22 Lithuania74.4 23 France74.2 24 U.S.73.0 25 Brunei73.0 26 Latvia72.9 27 Japan71.7 28 Malta71.5 29 UAE71.3 30 Slovakia70.7 31 Croatia69.8 32 Australia69.6 33 Poland69.5 34 Uruguay69.3 35 Israel69.1 36 Italy68.6 37 China68.5 38 Qatar68.1 39 Georgia68.0 40 Bulgaria67.9 41 Malaysia67.4 42 Hungary67.4 43 Chile67.1 44 Saudi Arabia67.0 45 Kuwait66.5 46 Spain66.4 47 Cyprus66.1 48 Portugal65.2 49 North Macedonia65.0 50 Panama64.8 A clear pattern emerges from the rankings: countries with stable political institutions, disciplined public finances, and credible monetary policy consistently outperform larger economies facing higher political or economic uncertainty. The index suggests that resilience—not market size—is the defining characteristic of today’s safest investment destinations. Why the U.S. Ranks 24th The U.S. ranking highlights one of the index’s biggest distinctions. Rather than rewarding economic size alone, the methodology also accounts for political stability, fiscal strength, inflation, currency volatility, and governance. As a result, smaller economies such as Switzerland, Denmark, and Singapore rank ahead of much larger investment markets. What Makes a Country “Safe” for Investors? Importantly, the index is not designed to predict which stock markets will generate the highest returns. Instead, it evaluates how resilient each country’s overall investment environment is during periods of economic and geopolitical stress by assessing 13 indicators, including inflation, currency volatility, governance, political stability, and public finances. The result is a broader view of investment safety, focusing less on market performance and more on a country’s ability to remain stable during periods of global stress. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing the countries with the best reputations.

Use This Visualization Mapped: Where Americans Work the Longest Weeks See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Southern and energy-producing states dominate the longest average workweeks in America. The gap between the longest and shortest workweeks is less than four hours per week, but adds up to nearly five extra full-time workweeks annually. The differences largely reflect each state’s mix of industries rather than worker productivity. Americans don’t all work the same schedule. Depending on where they live, the average private-sector workweek differs by nearly four hours, reflecting the industries that dominate each state’s economy. This map shows average weekly hours worked across every U.S. state and the District of Columbia using data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics for April 2026. Energy States Work the Longest Weeks Louisiana tops the ranking with an average private-sector workweek of 36.3 hours, followed by Texas and Alabama. RankStateAverage Weekly Hours Worked 1Louisiana36.3 2Texas35.9 3Alabama35.8 4District of Columbia35.4 5Alaska35.3 5West Virginia35.3 7Mississippi35.2 8Arkansas35.1 8Kentucky35.1 8Oklahoma35.1 11Georgia34.9 11North Dakota34.9 11Wyoming34.9 14Nevada34.7 14Tennessee34.7 16Washington34.5 17Idaho34.4 17Pennsylvania34.4 19Florida34.2 19North Carolina34.2 21New Mexico34.1 21Ohio34.1 23Arizona33.9 23Iowa33.9 23Virginia33.9 26Michigan33.8 26New Jersey33.8 26South Carolina33.8 29Indiana33.7 30Kansas33.6 30Nebraska33.6 30Vermont33.6 33Connecticut33.5 34Illinois33.4 34Maryland33.4 36Rhode Island33.3 37Montana33.1 37Utah33.1 39Massachusetts33 40Colorado32.9 40Missouri32.9 40New Hampshire32.9 40New York32.9 40Oregon32.9 40Wisconsin32.9 46California32.8 47Maine32.7 47Minnesota32.7 49South Dakota32.6 50Hawaii32.5 51Delaware32.4 A clear regional pattern emerges from the rankings. States with large oil and gas industries, manufacturing bases, or resource extraction sectors generally report longer average workweeks, reflecting industries that rely on continuous operations, shift work, and longer full-time schedules. Industry Mix Shapes Work Hours By contrast, states with larger concentrations of professional services, finance, education, healthcare, or tourism generally report shorter average workweeks. These industries often have more standardized schedules and a greater share of salaried office-based employment. California, New York, Massachusetts, and Hawaii all fall below the national leaders despite their large economies. The figures reflect average hours worked rather than worker productivity or earnings, highlighting how different industries organize labor. Small Differences Add Up The spread between the highest- and lowest-ranked jurisdictions is relatively modest, at just under four hours per week. However, over the course of a year, that difference amounts to nearly 200 additional hours worked, roughly the equivalent of five extra full-time workweeks. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out The States Where Housing Prices Have Surged the Most (2021–2026) on Voronoi.

Countries With the Highest Percentage of Female Population This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Women make up 49.7% of the global population, but exceed 53% in several countries and territories. Hong Kong ranks first at 54.9%, followed by Moldova (54.0%) and Macao (53.9%). Longer female life expectancy, aging populations, and migration patterns help explain why some countries have a much higher share of women. Across most of the world, men and women are present in nearly equal numbers. Yet in a handful of countries and territories, women make up well over half the population, creating some of the world’s largest gender imbalances. This visualization, created by Harris Saleem, ranks the countries and territories with the highest female share of the population using the latest available World Bank data. Longer female life expectancy is a major factor, but migration and age structure also shape these demographic patterns. Where Women Make Up the Largest Share Hong Kong leads the ranking, with women accounting for 54.9% of the population. Moldova, Macao, Latvia, and Armenia round out the top five, each with female population shares above 53%. RankCountryPercentage Female Population 1 Hong Kong54.9% 2 Moldova54.0% 3 Macao53.9% 4 Latvia53.7% 5 Armenia53.6% 6 Russia53.6% 7 Ukraine53.5% 8 Georgia53.4% 9 Belarus53.4% 10 Puerto Rico52.9% 11 Lithuania52.8% 12 Aruba52.8% 13 Tonga52.6% 14 Serbia52.5% 15 Estonia52.5% Many countries on the list are in Eastern Europe or are island territories, where aging, migration, and historical mortality patterns can all have an outsized effect on the population mix. Although the differences may appear small, they are significant at the national level. A female share above 53% can represent hundreds of thousands, and in larger countries millions, more women than men. Why Some Countries Skew Female In many developed economies, the answer often comes down to longer life expectancy. Women tend to outlive men globally due to biological advantages and lower exposure to certain high-risk behaviors and occupations. As populations age, this longevity gap becomes more visible. Healthcare improvements also play a role. While better medical care has increased life expectancy for both sexes, women generally retain a longevity advantage that becomes more pronounced in older populations. Migration can also reshape gender balances. In some countries, working-age men leave for jobs abroad, increasing the share of women who remain. In others, male-dominated immigration has the opposite effect. When the Pattern Reverses Not every country skews female. Some Gulf states, including Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, have large male immigrant workforces, pushing their populations heavily male. Meanwhile, parts of South Asia and China have historically seen male-skewed populations, partly reflecting son preference and imbalanced sex ratios at birth. National gender ratios are ultimately shaped by a combination of health, aging, migration, and social factors. To compare the other side of the demographic divide, check out Countries With the Highest Percentage of Male Population.

Countries With the Highest Percentage of Male Population This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Qatar has the world’s highest male share of population, at roughly 72%. Four of the top five countries are in the Gulf, where male migrant labor is a major driver. Globally, the natural baseline is already slightly male-biased at birth, at around 105 boys for every 100 girls. Most countries have populations that are split close to evenly between men and women. But a handful stand far apart from the global norm. In Qatar, nearly three out of every four residents are men, while several neighboring Gulf economies also have unusually high male shares driven largely by labor migration. This visualization, created by Harris Saleem, ranks countries by the male share of their total population, using the latest available data from the World Bank. Where Men Make Up the Largest Share At the top of the ranking is Qatar, with a 72% male share. The United Arab Emirates follows at about 64%, with Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia also standing well above the global norm. Here are the countries with the highest percentage of male population: RankCountryPercentage Male Population 1 Qatar72% 2 U.A.E64% 3 Maldives62% 4 Oman62% 5 Bahrain62% 6 Kuwait61% 7 Saudi Arabia61% 8 Seychelles55% 9 Palau54% 10 Bhutan53% 11 Brunei Darussalam53% 12 Equatorial Guinea53% 13 Greenland53% 14 Malaysia52% 15 Malta52% These countries are major outliers compared with most of the world, where the male and female shares typically sit close to 50/50. Why Gulf Countries Rank So High The biggest factor is labor migration. Countries with large construction, energy, services, and infrastructure sectors often attract vast numbers of foreign workers, many of whom are men. This can dramatically skew the population balance, especially in smaller countries where migrant labor makes up a large share of residents. Gulf economies like Qatar dominate the top of the list, while countries like Bhutan, Equatorial Guinea, India, and Papua New Guinea show more moderate male majorities. Birth Ratios Also Play a Role Even without migration, populations tend to begin with a slight male bias. Biologically, around 105 boys are born for every 100 girls, according to research by the BBC and Our World in Data. In some Asian countries, this imbalance can be amplified by sex-selective practices and cultural preferences for male heirs. These dynamics are one reason broader conversations around the global gender gap often include demographic patterns alongside economic and social indicators. A high male population share is a population imbalance that does not have a single explanation. In Gulf states, it is largely tied to migration and labor demand. Elsewhere, birth ratios, cultural preferences, life expectancy, and migration patterns can all influence the balance. To compare the other side of the demographic divide, check out Countries With The Highest Percentage Of Female Population.

Mapped: Where Safe Drinking Water Is Still Out of Reach This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: More than 2 billion people still lack access to safely managed drinking water services. Access exceeds 99% across much of Europe, North America, and Australia, but remains below 20% in several low-income countries. The UN defines safe drinking water as water that is available on premises, free from contamination, and accessible when needed. Access to safe drinking water has improved dramatically over the past few decades, yet more than 2 billion people still lack safely managed drinking water services at home. The gap between countries remains enormous, with access approaching universal levels in many wealthy economies while millions elsewhere continue to rely on unsafe or unreliable sources. This map by Julie R. Peasley uses data from UN Water and Our World in Data to show the share of each country’s population with access to safely managed drinking water services, highlighting where clean water infrastructure is well established and where major challenges remain. Which Countries Have the Safest Drinking Water? The table below shows access to safely managed drinking water services around the world. CountryShare of the population using safe drinking waterCategory Afghanistan31Safely managed service Albania71Safely managed service Algeria69Safely managed service Andorra91Safely managed service Angola68Basic service only Antigua and Barbuda99Basic service only Argentina100Urban only basic service Armenia82Safely managed service Australia100Urban only safely managed service Austria99Safely managed service Azerbaijan58Safely managed service Bahrain99Safely managed service Bangladesh59Safely managed service Barbados99Basic service only Belarus93Safely managed service Belgium100Safely managed service Belize95Basic service only Benin18Safely managed service Bhutan66Safely managed service Bolivia93Basic service only Bosnia and Herzegovina86Safely managed service Botswana63Safely managed service Brazil89Safely managed service Brunei100Basic service only Bulgaria96Safely managed service Burkina Faso50Basic service only Burundi66Basic service only Cambodia30Safely managed service Cameroon71Basic service only Canada97Safely managed service Central African Republic6Safely managed service Chad6Safely managed service Chile98Safely managed service China96Urban only safely managed service Colombia74Safely managed service Congo46Safely managed service Costa Rica81Safely managed service Cote d'Ivoire36Safely managed service Croatia87Safely managed service Cuba95Basic service only Cyprus100Safely managed service Czechia98Safely managed service Democratic Republic of Congo12Safely managed service Denmark100Safely managed service Djibouti80Basic service only Dominican Republic45Safely managed service Ecuador70Safely managed service Egypt79Safely managed service El Salvador76Urban only safely managed service Estonia99Safely managed service Eswatini38Safely managed service Ethiopia14Safely managed service Fiji42Safely managed service Finland100Safely managed service France100Safely managed service French Guiana92Safely managed service Gabon89Basic service only Gambia48Safely managed service Georgia71Safely managed service Germany100Safely managed service Ghana43Safely managed service Greece97Safely managed service Greenland100Basic service only Guatemala49Safely managed service Guinea74Basic service only Guinea-Bissau24Safely managed service Guyana67Safely managed service Haiti73Basic service only Honduras66Safely managed service Hungary100Safely managed service Iceland100Safely managed service India76Safely managed service Indonesia30Safely managed service Iran94Safely managed service Iraq60Safely managed service Ireland96Safely managed service Israel99Safely managed service Italy97Safely managed service Jamaica88Basic service only Japan99Safely managed service Jordan89Safely managed service Kazakhstan92Safely managed service Kenya66Basic service only Kiribati15Safely managed service Kuwait100Safely managed service Kyrgyzstan74Safely managed service Laos35Safely managed service Latvia97Safely managed service Lebanon48Safely managed service Lesotho31Safely managed service Liberia79Basic service only Libya96Basic service only Liechtenstein100Safely managed service Lithuania97Safely managed service Luxembourg100Safely managed service Madagascar22Safely managed service Malawi18Safely managed service Malaysia95Safely managed service Maldives100Basic service only Mali86Basic service only Malta100Safely managed service Marshall Islands87Basic service only Mauritania77Basic service only Mauritius100Basic service only Mexico43Safely managed service Moldova76Safely managed service Monaco100Safely managed service Mongolia43Safely managed service Montenegro86Safely managed service Morocco80Safely managed service Mozambique28Safely managed service Myanmar60Safely managed service Namibia87Basic service only Nauru19Safely managed service Nepal16Safely managed service Netherlands100Safely managed service New Caledonia97Safely managed service New Zealand100Safely managed service Nicaragua56Safely managed service Niger53Basic service only Nigeria30Safely managed service North Korea67Safely managed service North Macedonia81Safely managed service Norway99Safely managed service Oman91Safely managed service Pakistan45Safely managed service Palau91Safely managed service Palestine81Safely managed service Panama95Basic service only Papua New Guinea53Basic service only Paraguay64Safely managed service Peru49Safely managed service Philippines48Safely managed service Poland89Safely managed service Portugal95Safely managed service Puerto Rico99Safely managed service Qatar95Safely managed service Romania82Safely managed service Russia76Safely managed service Rwanda53Urban only safely managed service Saint Lucia98Basic service only Samoa63Safely managed service San Marino100Safely managed service Sao Tome and Principe37Safely managed service Saudi Arabia99Basic service only Senegal27Safely managed service Serbia75Safely managed service Seychelles65Safely managed service Sierra Leone11Safely managed service Singapore100Safely managed service Slovakia100Safely managed service Slovenia100Safely managed service Solomon Islands72Basic service only Somalia75Basic service only South Africa68Safely managed service South Korea99Safely managed service South Sudan40Basic service only Spain99Safely managed service Sri Lanka47Safely managed service Suriname56Safely managed service Sweden100Safely managed service Switzerland97Safely managed service Syria94Basic service only Tajikistan65Safely managed service Tanzania31Safely managed service Thailand100Basic service only Togo21Safely managed service Tonga30Safely managed service Trinidad and Tobago69Safely managed service Tunisia65Safely managed service Türkiye96Basic service only Turkmenistan95Safely managed service Tuvalu9Safely managed service Uganda18Safely managed service Ukraine88Safely managed service United Arab Emirates99Safely managed service United Kingdom100Safely managed service United States98Safely managed service Uruguay91Safely managed service Uzbekistan82Safely managed service Vanuatu19Safely managed service Venezuela93Basic service only Vietnam59Safely managed service Yemen75Basic service only Zambia50Urban only safely managed service Zimbabwe25Safely managed service The global divide is striking. Countries including Australia, Belgium, Finland, and the U.K. report access rates close to or at 100%, while countries such as Chad, the Central African Republic, and Benin remain below 20%. These differences reflect decades of investment in water infrastructure, treatment systems, and public utilities. Countries with the highest levels of access generally benefit from extensive water treatment systems and reliable utilities. Meanwhile, lower-income countries often face challenges related to funding, rapid population growth, and climate pressures. What Counts as Safe Drinking Water? The United Nations tracks progress through a metric known as “safely managed drinking water services.” This goes beyond simply having a water source nearby. To qualify, drinking water must come from an improved source, be located on premises, be available when needed, and be free from contamination. These standards are part of Sustainable Development Goal 6, which aims to ensure clean water and sanitation for all. Safe drinking water is closely tied to public health, education, and economic productivity. Reliable water systems reduce exposure to waterborne diseases, improve school attendance, and support broader economic development. Why Do Some Countries Lag Behind? In many regions, communities may rely on water sources that are vulnerable to contamination from sewage, industrial waste, or agricultural runoff. Rural populations can face additional challenges when extending water networks becomes prohibitively expensive. Climate change is also increasing pressure on water systems, while growing populations are placing additional demand on already-stressed supplies. Differences in consumption patterns can also influence water management challenges, particularly in countries with high levels of water use per person. Despite these obstacles, global progress has been significant. However, recent estimates from WHO and UNICEF indicate that roughly one-quarter of the world’s population still lacks access to safe drinking water services at home, underscoring the scale of the challenge that remains. The Road to Universal Access Expanding safe drinking water access requires long-term investments in water treatment, distribution networks, sanitation, and maintenance. International organizations, governments, and development agencies continue to support projects aimed at improving water security and reducing waterborne disease. While access rates have improved dramatically over the past several decades, achieving universal safe drinking water remains one of the world’s most important development goals. Learn More on the Voronoi App Water shortages can also contribute to political instability and conflict. Check out Water Conflicts Have Risen 13x Since 2010 to see how disputes over water resources have escalated around the world in recent years.

Use This Visualization Countries With Lower GDP Than Elon Musk’s Net Worth Key Takeaways Elon Musk’s net worth recently reached roughly $1 trillion, making him the world’s first trillionaire. At that level, his fortune exceeds the annual GDP of 174 countries, based on IMF projections for 2026. Only 21 economies worldwide are expected to generate more than $1 trillion in GDP this year. Elon Musk recently became the world’s first trillionaire following SpaceX’s IPO earlier this month. At roughly $1 trillion, his personal fortune now exceeds the annual economic output of most countries around the world. This map highlights the countries with nominal GDP below Musk’s estimated net worth, using 2026 projections from the IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2026) and Forbes real-time estimates of Musk’s wealth. Countries With Less Than $1 Trillion in GDP Below is a list of countries with nominal GDP under $1 trillion, based on the IMF’s latest projections for 2026: Country2026 GDP ($B) Taiwan977 Ireland779 Belgium777 Sweden760 Israel720 Argentina688 Singapore660 Austria624 United Arab Emirates622 Norway599 Thailand580 Colombia540 Vietnam527 Malaysia516 Philippines512 Bangladesh511 Denmark504 Romania481 South Africa480 Hong Kong450 Czech Republic433 Egypt430 Chile408 Pakistan408 Peru381 Portugal381 Nigeria377 Kazakhstan360 Finland338 Algeria317 Greece308 Iran300 New Zealand279 Hungary271 Iraq265 Ukraine225 Qatar217 Morocco194 Uzbekistan182 Kuwait173 Slovakia169 Angola152 Bulgaria148 Kenya147 Ecuador138 Dominican Republic136 Puerto Rico129 Guatemala129 Congo (DRC)123 Ethiopia122 Ghana118 Oman117 Croatia117 Côte d'Ivoire112 Serbia112 Venezuela111 Luxembourg110 Costa Rica110 Lithuania106 Belarus102 Sri Lanka99 Uruguay96 Panama95 Tanzania95 Slovenia87 Myanmar84 Turkmenistan83 Bolivia81 Azerbaijan78 Uganda73 Cameroon65 Jordan65 Tunisia61 Paraguay61 Zimbabwe57 Macao54 Latvia54 Libya52 Cambodia52 Estonia52 Bahrain49 Nepal46 Cyprus45 Sudan45 Iceland44 Georgia43 Honduras42 Zambia41 Senegal40 El Salvador40 Haiti39 Bosnia and Herzegovina37 Lebanon34 Papua New Guinea34 Guyana34 Mali34 Albania33 Burkina Faso33 Armenia32 Malta31 Guinea30 Mongolia28 Benin28 Trinidad and Tobago27 Chad26 Niger25 Nicaragua24 Kyrgyz Republic24 Gabon23 Mozambique23 Jamaica23 Botswana22 Moldova22 North Macedonia22 Madagascar21 Tajikistan20 Afghanistan20 Laos19 Malawi18 Rwanda17 Namibia17 Mauritius17 Bahamas, The17 Congo, Rep. of the17 Brunei17 West Bank and Gaza16 Mauritania14 Somalia14 Kosovo14 Equatorial Guinea14 Togo13 Montenegro10 Liechtenstein9.4 Barbados8.5 Sierra Leone8.3 Burundi8.1 Maldives8.1 Yemen7.4 Fiji6.4 South Sudan6.1 Suriname5.9 Eswatini5.8 Liberia5.6 Andorra4.9 Djibouti4.7 Aruba4.7 Bhutan3.9 Central African Republic3.5 Belize3.5 Cabo Verde3.4 Guinea-Bissau3.0 Lesotho3.0 Gambia, The2.8 Saint Lucia2.8 San Marino2.4 Antigua and Barbuda2.4 Seychelles2.3 Timor-Leste2.2 Solomon Islands1.8 Comoros1.8 Grenada1.5 Vanuatu1.4 Samoa1.4 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines1.2 São Tomé and Príncipe1.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis1.1 Dominica0.8 Tonga0.7 Micronesia0.5 Kiribati0.4 Palau0.4 Marshall Islands0.3 Nauru0.2 Tuvalu0.1 Of the IMF’s 195 tracked economies, 174 are projected to produce less than $1 trillion in GDP during 2026. Taiwan comes closest to the threshold at an estimated $977 billion, illustrating just how exclusive the trillion-dollar club has become. The 21 Trillion-Dollar Economies Just 21 countries are projected to generate more than $1 trillion in nominal GDP during 2026. RankCountry2026 GDP ($B) 1 United States32,384 2 China20,852 3 Germany5,453 4 Japan4,379 5 United Kingdom4,265 6 India4,153 7 France3,596 8 Italy2,738 9 Russia2,656 10 Brazil2,636 11 Canada2,507 12 Australia2,124 13 Mexico2,121 14 Spain2,091 15 South Korea1,931 16 Turkey1,640 17 Indonesia1,540 18 Netherlands1,450 19 Saudi Arabia1,389 20 Switzerland1,147 21 Poland1,134 Switzerland and Poland round out the list at roughly $1.1 trillion, making them the smallest trillion-dollar economies Musk could pass next. GDP vs. Wealth Comparing GDP with personal wealth isn’t an apples-to-apples exercise. GDP measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country over a single year, while net worth reflects the accumulated value of assets after liabilities. Even so, the comparison offers a striking sense of scale. Rather than suggesting Musk is “worth more than” a country, it shows that his estimated fortune now exceeds the value of everything many nations are expected to produce over the course of one year. What is Elon Musk’s Fortune? Elon Musk became a trillionaire with the SpaceX IPO earlier this month. However, since the IPO, SpaceX’s stock price has been volatile. This means Musk’s net worth also fluctuates considerably, roughly within the range of $950 billion to $1.4 trillion. For this visualization, we used $1 trillion as the threshold for comparison purposes. Learn More on the Voronoi App Learn about the biggest IPOs in history and where SpaceX fits in, in this infographic on Voronoi.

Use This Visualization Where the World’s Highest Temperatures Were Recorded See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The U.S. still holds the world’s highest officially recognized air temperature at 56.7°C (134.1°F), recorded in Death Valley in 1913. Nine of the world’s 20 hottest national records were set in the Middle East, with all nine exceeding 50°C. Several countries have established new national heat records in recent years, including China (2023), Morocco (2023), and Türkiye (2025). Many countries have recorded extreme heat, but a small group stands far above the rest. This map shows the 20 highest officially verified national temperature records, revealing where Earth’s most extreme heat has been measured. The rankings highlight how deserts across North Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia dominate the upper end of the list, while several countries have broken long-standing records during the past decade. The data for this visualization comes from the WMO World Weather & Climate Extremes Archive and national meteorological services, using the latest data available as of June 2026. Death Valley Still Holds the Global Record The United States remains home to the highest officially recognized air temperature ever measured: 56.7°C (134.1°F), recorded at Furnace Creek in California’s Death Valley in 1913. RankCountryHottest Temperature Ever (°F)LocationYear 1 U.S.134.1Death Valley, California1913 2 Tunisia131.0Kebili1931 3 Kuwait129.2Mitribah, Al Jahra Governorate2016 4 Israel129.2Tirat Zvi1942 5 Iraq129.0Basra2016 6 Pakistan128.7Turbat2017 7 Iran128.7Ahvaz Airport (OIAW)2017 8 China126.0Turpan, Xinjiang2023 9 UAE125.8Sweihan, Al Ain2002 10 Mexico125.6San Luis Río Colorado, Sonora1966 11 Saudi Arabia125.6Jeddah2010 12 Oman124.9Joba2021 13 Algeria124.3El Bayadh, Province Ouargla1979 14 Egypt124.0Aswan and Asyut1918 15 Jordan124.0Deir Alla2010 16 India123.8Phalodi, Rajasthan2016 17 Australia123.3Oodnadatta, Western Australia1960 18 Türkiye122.9Silopi, Şırnak Province2025 19 Morocco122.7Agadir (Inezgane Airport)2023 20 Qatar122.7Doha2010 Death Valley’s below-sea-level elevation, dry desert air, and surrounding mountain ranges create one of the hottest environments on Earth. Although the century-old record has occasionally been debated by researchers, it remains the benchmark recognized by the World Meteorological Organization. The Middle East Dominates the Rankings Countries across the Middle East account for many of the world’s highest national temperature records. Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Israel, and Jordan all recorded temperatures above 50°C. Nine of the world’s 20 hottest national temperature records come from the Middle East, reflecting the region’s combination of intense solar radiation, arid climates, and prolonged summer heat. Several of these records were also set within the past two decades. New Records Continue to Be Set While some of the world’s hottest temperature records are decades old, several countries have updated their national highs in recent years. China established a new record of 52.2°C in Xinjiang in 2023, Morocco reached 50.4°C the same year, and Türkiye recorded 50.5°C in 2025. These recent milestones show that even long-standing temperature records can still be surpassed during exceptional heat waves. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Which Countries Have the Largest Forests? on Voronoi.

Ranked: The Highest-Earning Football Clubs in 2025 This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Real Madrid became the first football club to generate more than €1 billion in annual revenue, reaching €1.16 billion in 2024/25. England dominates the rankings with eight Premier League clubs in the top 20, including six of the top 10. The top five clubs generated nearly €4.7 billion combined, highlighting how revenue is concentrated among football’s global elite. Football’s biggest clubs are generating record revenues as commercial partnerships, broadcasting rights, and modern stadiums reshape the sport’s financial landscape. The latest Deloitte Football Money League 2026 report shows how Europe’s top teams continue to pull away financially, with many now operating as global entertainment brands. This visualization, created by Iswardi Ishak, ranks the world’s highest-earning football clubs, based on total revenue during the 2024/25 season. Real Madrid Leads Football’s Billion-Euro Club Real Madrid sits atop the ranking with €1.16 billion in revenue, becoming the first football club ever to cross the billion-euro threshold. RankClub2024/25 Revenue (Millions of Euros) 1 Real Madrid1,161.0 2 FC Barcelona974.8 3 Bayern Munich860.6 4 Paris Saint-Germain837.0 5 Liverpool836.1 6 Manchester City829.3 7 Arsenal821.7 8 Manchester United793.1 9 Tottenham Hotspur672.6 10 Chelsea584.1 11 FC Internazionale Milano537.5 12 Borussia Dortmund531.3 13 Atletico De Madrid454.5 14 Aston Villa450.2 15 AC Milan410.4 16 Juventus401.7 17 Newcastle United398.4 18 VFB Stuttgart296.3 19 SL Benfica283.4 20 West Ham United276.0 A key factor has been the transformation of the Santiago Bernabéu into a year-round entertainment venue, alongside the club’s continued on-field success. Commercial activities generated nearly €594 million, while broadcasting and matchday revenues contributed another €567 million combined. England’s Dominance Shows No Signs of Slowing England’s presence throughout the ranking is impossible to ignore. Eight clubs from the Premier League appear among the top 20, more than any other country. While Spain boasts the top two clubs, the broader ranking shows the Premier League’s depth. England places six teams inside the top 10 and eight overall in the top 20. Even clubs outside the traditional elite, such as Aston Villa and West Ham United, generate revenues that rival some of Europe’s most historic teams. The Premier League’s global broadcasting agreements are a major driver behind this dominance. England’s television revenue is distributed broadly enough to support multiple financially competitive teams, while packed stadiums and global commercial partnerships add to the league’s revenue base. Spain, France, and Europe’s Revenue Leaders Spain’s strength comes from three globally recognized clubs: Real Madrid, Barcelona, and Atlético Madrid. Real Madrid and Barcelona occupy the top two spots, supported by worldwide fan bases, major commercial deals, and long histories of domestic and international success. France appears once in the ranking, but Paris Saint-Germain’s €837 million revenue places it fourth overall. PSG’s international profile has expanded significantly over the last decade, driven by star players and growing support across France. Italy and Germany also remain well represented, with Bayern Munich, Borussia Dortmund, Inter Milan, AC Milan, and Juventus all appearing in the top 20. The Fuel Behind Football’s Revenue Boom While trophies still matter, the biggest change in football economics has been the diversification of revenue streams. Modern clubs increasingly generate income through premium hospitality, digital content, licensing deals, stadium events, and international sponsorship agreements. Real Madrid’s stadium redevelopment is one example of this trend, but similar strategies are being adopted across Europe. As football’s audience continues to grow worldwide, particularly across North America, Asia, and the Middle East, the financial gap between elite clubs and the rest of the sport may continue widening. For now, the rankings show that football’s biggest winners are not only succeeding on the pitch, they are becoming some of the most powerful sports businesses in the world. Learn More on the Voronoi App Football’s popularity extends well beyond Europe. See how the sport compares against America’s traditional favorites in Football Trumps Baseball as the Most American Sport, on the Voronoi app.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: Birth Rates Are Falling Even Among Women in Their 30s See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Birth rates among women ages 30–34 fell in 39 states between 2015 and 2024, with the U.S. average down 8%. Seven of the 10 largest declines were in Western states. The slowdown comes even as births increasingly shift toward women in their late 30s and 40s. America’s birth slowdown is no longer limited to younger adults. Even women ages 30–34, traditionally one of the country’s peak childbearing groups, are having fewer children across most of the U.S. This map uses new research based on data from the National Center for Health Statistics to show how birth rates among women ages 30–34 changed across America between 2015 and 2024. The States Leading the Decline in Birth Rates Nearly half of 30-year-old American women are now childless, up from just 18% in 1976. That doesn’t necessarily mean they will never have children, but it highlights how dramatically family formation has shifted toward later ages over the past several decades. Today’s 30-year-olds are reaching many traditional milestones later than previous generations. The median first-time homebuyer is now 35 years old, while the age of first marriage has climbed steadily for decades. As those timelines shift, parenthood often shifts with them. StateBirths per 1,000 Women2015Births per 1,000 Women 2024% Change District of Columbia76.060.1-21% Oregon94.278.4-17% Washington124.3104.8-16% Utah105.588.4-16% California105.589.4-15% Nevada93.179.6-15% Alaska108.493.0-14% Delaware108.794.4-13% Montana103.490.4-13% Vermont103.191.2-12% Rhode Island105.693.3-12% Illinois102.790.7-12% Hawaii94.182.8-12% Colorado100.189.7-10% Arizona98.489.2-9% Maine107.098.4-8% Idaho92.885.4-8% Pennsylvania97.290.3-7% Ohio101.294.1-7% Florida101.193.6-7% New York101.894.3-7% Virginia105.298.3-7% Michigan105.998.2-7% Wyoming94.487.6-7% Massachusetts109.5102.4-6% Texas102.096.0-6% Minnesota93.789.0-5% Maryland106.5100.7-5% North Dakota121.3114.8-5% Georgia82.578.7-5% New Mexico117.1111.1-5% Oklahoma90.085.3-5% New Hampshire89.185.7-4% Missouri96.893.4-4% Louisiana103.799.5-4% New Jersey84.782.0-3% Arkansas105.2102.5-3% Kansas115.3112.4-3% South Carolina96.894.8-2% North Carolina93.090.7-2% Indiana96.996.90% Wisconsin122.4122.50% South Dakota107.1106.70% Alabama85.686.11% Tennessee106.9108.51% Connecticut108.2109.51% Kentucky87.888.71% Iowa88.789.41% West Virginia76.377.01% Mississippi78.080.03% Nebraska116.0118.93% U.S. Average101.493.7-8% Washington, D.C. recorded the steepest decline in birth rates among women ages 30–34, down 21% over the period. Oregon, Washington, and Utah followed close behind, while seven of the 10 largest declines occurred in Western states. By contrast, Indiana, South Dakota, and Wisconsin saw virtually no change. The States Bucking the National Trend Only eight states recorded higher birth rates among women ages 30–34 in 2024 than in 2015. Nebraska and Mississippi recorded the largest increases, with birth rates rising 3% over the period. The states posting gains were concentrated almost entirely in the South and Midwest, with Connecticut standing as the exception. Many of the states posting gains also tend to have lower housing costs than large coastal markets. While many factors influence fertility, including education, migration, and local demographics, affordability pressures are often cited as one reason families delay having children. The pattern suggests that the economics of starting a family may be diverging across America, with some regions proving more supportive of family formation than others. Births Are Rising for Women in Their 40s The declines among women in their early 30s don’t mean births are disappearing altogether. Instead, they’re increasingly shifting to older ages. Birth rates rose 5% among women ages 35–39 and 24% among women ages 40–49 over the same period. The contrast suggests the long-running trend toward later parenthood is continuing, although delayed childbearing no longer fully offsets the broader slowdown in births. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the global fertility divide.

Use This Visualization Ranked: America’s Best-Selling Albums Ever See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways The Eagles, not Michael Jackson, have America’s top-selling album, including the only one certified at 40 million units. Thriller remains the country’s best-selling non-compilation album with 34 million certified units sold. Only one album released since 2000, Adele’s 21, has sold at least 15 million certified units in the U.S. Michael Jackson’s Thriller is often considered the world’s biggest album, but in the United States it doesn’t claim the top spot. That distinction belongs to the Eagles, whose Their Greatest Hits 1971–1975 remains the only album certified for 40 million units by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). This ranking shows America’s best-selling albums based on RIAA certified units as of June 2026. While today’s charts are dominated by pop and hip hop, the all-time list is still led by classic rock, with only seven of the top 25 albums coming from other genres. The Eagles Flying High The Eagles occupy two of the top three spots in the ranking, an achievement no other artist has matched. Their 1976 compilation album sits in the top spot, while Hotel California, released later the same year, ranks third with 28 million units. This data table ranks the top-selling albums in U.S. history as of 2026. RankArtistAlbum TitleCertified Units Sold (Millions)Year 1EaglesTheir Greatest Hits 1971 - 1975401976 2Michael JacksonThriller341982 3EaglesHotel California281976 4AC/DCBack in Black271980 5Garth BrooksDouble Live251998 6Led ZeppelinLed Zeppelin IV241971 6The BeatlesThe Beatles241968 8Billy JoelGreatest Hits Volume I & Volume II231985 8Pink FloydThe Wall231979 10Hootie & the BlowfishCracked Rear View221994 11Fleetwood MacRumours211977 12Green DayDookie201994 12MetallicaMetallica201991 12Shania TwainCome On Over201997 15Whitney HoustonThe Bodyguard (Soundtrack)191992 16Bob Marley & The WailersLegend181984 16Garth BrooksNo Fences181990 16Guns N' RosesAppetite for Destruction181987 16JourneyGreatest Hits181988 20Adele21172011 20Alanis MorissetteJagged Little Pill171995 20BostonBoston171976 20Bruce SpringsteenBorn in the U.S.A.171984 20Elton JohnGreatest Hits171974 20The BeatlesThe Beatles 1967 - 1970171973 Other rock bands also achieved their greatest commercial successes in the same era as the Eagles. AC/DC’s 1980 album Back in Black has sold 27 million units, while Fleetwood Mac’s Rumours (1977), released shortly after Hotel California, has been certified double diamond with 21 million records sold. Rock has also shown commercial staying power on the RIAA charts through compilation albums. Beyond the Eagles, “greatest hits” albums from Billy Joel (1985), Elton John (1974), Journey (1988), and The Beatles (1973) have all sold millions of records. The King of Pop Although the Eagles hold the overall No. 1 spot, Michael Jackson’s Thriller remains America’s best-selling studio album. Certified for 34 million units, the 1982 release is also widely recognized as the world’s best-selling album. The nine-track studio album, recorded by Jackson and famed producer Quincy Jones, remains the best-selling non-compilation album in U.S. history. Other non-rock success stories include Bob Marley’s Legend (1984), which has sold over 18 million records, as well as Whitney Houston’s 1992 soundtrack to the film The Bodyguard (19 million). Adele and the 21st Century The rankings also highlight how dramatically album sales have changed in the streaming era. While blockbuster albums routinely surpassed 20 million certified units during the CD era, only one album released since 2000 has crossed the 15 million mark in the United States. Adele’s appropriately titled 21 reached that milestone after spawning massive hits like “Rolling in the Deep,” “Someone Like You,” and “Rumour Has It.” No album since 21, including from Adele herself, has reached the same level of commercial success in the States. However, changes in how sales are counted across music streaming platforms like Spotify and Apple Music may partially explain the shift. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Physical Music Is Endangered on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

Use This Visualization The World’s Most and Least Peaceful Countries in 2026 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Iceland remains the world’s most peaceful country, while Russia ranks last in the 2026 Global Peace Index. Western Europe dominates the top of the rankings, with seven of the world’s 10 most peaceful countries. Global peacefulness declined for a 12th straight year, while the U.S. fell to 134th amid worsening political instability. The world is becoming less peaceful. According to the 2026 Global Peace Index by the Institute for Economics and Peace, global peacefulness declined for the 12th consecutive year, as armed conflicts, geopolitical fragmentation, and rising military spending continue to reshape international stability. This ranking shows the world’s most and least peaceful countries across 163 economies, based on 23 indicators measuring societal safety, conflict, and militarization. The World’s Most Peaceful Countries Western Europe continues to dominate the top of the rankings, with Iceland retaining first place for the 19th consecutive year. It is joined by New Zealand, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Ireland as the world’s five most peaceful countries. The table below shows the world’s 30 most peaceful countries. RankCountry2026 Global Peace Index Score(Out of 5)Region 1 Iceland1.16Europe 2 New Zealand1.34Asia-Pacific 3 Switzerland1.36Europe 4 Slovenia1.37Europe 5 Ireland1.37Europe 6 Austria1.42Europe 7 Portugal1.43Europe 8 Singapore1.44Asia-Pacific 9 Finland1.48Europe 10 Japan1.49Asia-Pacific 11 Denmark1.50Europe 12 Malaysia1.51Asia-Pacific 13 Czechia1.52Europe 14 Canada1.53Americas 15 Hungary1.54Europe 16 Bhutan1.55Asia-Pacific 17 Netherlands1.57Europe 18 Mauritius1.59Africa 19 Latvia1.59Europe 20 Australia1.60Asia-Pacific 21 Belgium1.61Europe 22 Poland1.62Europe 23 Croatia1.62Europe 24 Lithuania1.62Europe 25 Estonia1.62Europe 26 Bulgaria1.63Europe 27 Spain1.65Europe 28 Germany1.66Europe 29 Slovakia1.66Europe 30 Montenegro1.67Europe The World’s Least Peaceful Countries At the opposite end of the index, Russia ranks as the least peaceful country, followed by Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ukraine, and Israel. RankCountry2026 Global Peace Index Score(Out of 5)Region 163 Russia3.37Europe 162 Sudan3.20Africa 161 DR Congo3.19Africa 160 Ukraine3.18Europe 159 Israel3.12Middle East 158 South Sudan3.12Africa 157 Afghanistan3.11Asia-Pacific 156 Yemen3.08Middle East 155 Syria3.07Middle East 154 Mali3.00Africa 153 Somalia2.97Africa 152 Pakistan2.92Asia-Pacific 151 Myanmar2.91Asia-Pacific 150 Central African Republic2.91Africa 149 Burkina Faso2.88Africa 148 Palestine2.88Middle East 147 North Korea2.85Asia-Pacific 146 Niger2.83Africa 145 Chad2.77Africa 144 Iran2.76Middle East 143 Haiti2.76Americas 142 Nigeria2.76Africa 141 Colombia2.74Americas 140 Iraq2.66Middle East 139 Mexico2.65Americas 138 Ethiopia2.65Africa 137 Cameroon2.63Africa 136 Türkiye2.61Middle East 135 Ecuador2.54Americas 134 U.S.2.54Americas The World Is Becoming Less Peaceful The rankings reflect a world where conflict is becoming both more widespread and more persistent. Since 2008, 119 countries have become less peaceful, and the trend is continuing. Over the past year alone, 99 countries saw their peace scores deteriorate, compared with just 62 that improved. A surge in armed conflict is a major reason why. The world is experiencing more active state-based conflicts than at any time since World War II, while the number of countries involved in conflicts beyond their borders is up nearly 75% since 2008. Meanwhile, governments are continuing to bolster their militaries. Global military spending has now risen for 10 consecutive years, reflecting a world increasingly shaped by geopolitical rivalry and security concerns. Why the U.S. Fell to 134th The United States ranked 134th out of 163 countries, falling six places from last year. The decline was driven primarily by worsening political instability and an increase in violent demonstrations, which contributed to lower scores for societal safety and security. Today, political violence in the U.S. is at its highest level since the 1970s. While the U.S. remains one of the world’s leading economic and military powers, the Global Peace Index measures a country’s level of peacefulness rather than its economic strength or geopolitical influence. The report also points to declining trust in institutions as a factor weighing on America’s long-term trajectory. Together, these trends pushed the U.S. into the bottom 30 countries globally for peacefulness in 2026. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing global military spending in 2025.

Why Are Europeans Leaving Their Own Countries? This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Lithuania and Bulgaria were the only countries in this dataset where more native-born citizens returned than left in 2024. Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and most other countries recorded net losses of native-born residents, highlighting a broader shift in where Europeans choose to live and work. While immigration often dominates discussions about Europe’s changing population, another migration trend receives far less attention: many countries are also losing their own native-born citizens. This visualization, created by DataPulse using Eurostat data, ranks selected European countries by the net migration of native-born residents in 2024. Only Lithuania and Bulgaria recorded net gains, while Germany, Italy, Sweden, and several other major economies saw more locally born citizens leave than return. The pattern reflects a mix of economic opportunity, housing affordability, demographic change, and labor mobility within Europe, all of which are reshaping where people choose to build their careers and lives. The Countries Seeing the Biggest Losses The table below shows net migration of native-born citizens per 1,000 inhabitants across selected European countries. CountryNative-Born Net Migration (Per 1,000 inhabitants) Lithuania2.67 Bulgaria0.88 Czechia-0.13 Slovenia-0.29 Finland-0.40 Slovakia-0.53 Norway-0.57 Spain-0.65 Croatia-0.88 Austria-0.88 Netherlands-0.97 Germany-1.08 Italy-1.10 Romania-1.15 Estonia-1.20 Sweden-1.23 Belgium-1.27 Luxembourg-2.35 Lithuania stands out with a positive rate of 2.67 per 1,000 inhabitants, while Bulgaria also records a modest gain. At the opposite end, Luxembourg posted the largest net loss, followed by Belgium, Sweden, Estonia, and Romania. Notably, several of Europe’s largest economies, including Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands, also show negative balances, indicating that more native-born residents are leaving than returning. Why Are Native Europeans Leaving? For many workers, especially younger and highly educated professionals, migration is driven by the search for better wages, stronger career prospects, and improved quality of life. Countries in Eastern and Southern Europe have long experienced outward migration toward larger labor markets in Western Europe. At the same time, rising housing costs, labor shortages, and demographic pressures are encouraging some workers to look beyond their home countries. Similar dynamics can be seen globally, where migration increasingly plays a role in population growth and workforce sustainability. A Growing Demographic Challenge Population researchers increasingly warn that migration alone cannot fully offset Europe’s broader demographic headwinds. Fertility rates remain below replacement levels across much of the continent, while populations continue to age. When highly skilled workers leave and do not return, the effects can extend beyond population figures. Regions may face slower economic growth, labor shortages, and reduced innovation capacity. As Europe navigates demographic decline, retaining talent may become just as important as attracting newcomers. Learn More on the Voronoi App Migration patterns continue to reshape economies and societies around the world. Explore Visualizing the World’s Busiest Migration Corridors on the Voronoi app to see how people move between countries at a global scale.

Use This Visualization Ranked: The World’s 50 Most Valuable Companies See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways NVIDIA leads the world’s largest public companies with a market capitalization of $4.8 trillion, ahead of Apple and Alphabet. Technology accounts for 22 of the world’s 50 most valuable companies, fueled by continued investment in AI infrastructure and semiconductors. Taiwan’s TSMC is the world’s most valuable non-U.S. company at $2.3 trillion, while Saudi Aramco remains the largest energy company. Technology has become the world’s dominant equity market sector. Nowhere is that more apparent than among the world’s largest companies by market capitalization. This graphic visualizes the world’s 50 largest companies by market capitalization using June 2026 data from CompaniesMarketCap. NVIDIA is the world’s most valuable company, with a market capitalization of $4.8 trillion. It is followed by Apple ($4.3 trillion) and Google parent Alphabet ($4.2 trillion). Technology Dominates the Rankings These three companies are far from alone. Technology accounts for 22 of the world’s 50 most valuable companies, including SpaceX ($2.1 trillion), which went public in June 2026. The following table lists the world’s most valuable companies by market capitalization. RankNameJune 2026 Market Cap (in trillions)Sector 1 NVIDIA4.85Technology 2 Apple4.32Technology 3 Alphabet4.22Technology 4 Microsoft2.78Technology 5 Amazon2.52Consumer Discretionary 6 TSMC2.26Technology 7 SpaceX2.06Technology 8 Broadcom1.81Technology 9 Saudi Aramco1.70Energy 10 Samsung1.45Technology 11 Tesla1.43Consumer Discretionary 12 Meta1.43Technology 13 SK Hynix1.19Technology 14 Micron Technology1.19Technology 15 Berkshire Hathaway1.06Financials 16 Eli Lilly0.99Health Care 17 Walmart0.95Consumer Staples 18 JPMorgan Chase0.90Financials 19 AMD0.85Technology 20 ASML0.69Technology 21 Intel0.67Technology 22 Visa0.63Financials 23 Exxon Mobil0.58Energy 24 Johnson & Johnson0.58Health Care 25 Tencent0.49Technology 26 Cisco0.48Technology 27 Oracle0.48Technology 28 Applied Materials0.47Technology 29 Lam Research0.46Technology 30 Caterpillar0.45Industrials 31 Mastercard0.43Financials 32 Costco0.43Consumer Staples 33 AbbVie0.42Health Care 34 Bank of America0.41Financials 35 Arm Holdings0.39Technology 36 China Construction Bank0.38Financials 37 General Electric0.37Industrials 38 UnitedHealth0.37Health Care 39 Morgan Stanley0.36Financials 40 Procter & Gamble0.35Consumer Staples 41 Chevron0.35Energy 42 Coca-Cola0.35Consumer Staples 43 Roche0.33Health Care 44 HSBC0.33Financials 45 Agricultural Bank of China0.33Financials 46 Home Depot0.32Consumer Discretionary 47 Goldman Sachs0.32Financials 48 KLA0.32Technology 49 KIOXIA Holdings0.31Technology 50 ICBC0.31Financials Other technology giants have also surpassed the trillion-dollar mark, including Microsoft ($2.8 trillion), Broadcom ($1.8 trillion), and Meta ($1.4 trillion), the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. Non-U.S. companies are also well represented. TSMC, the world’s largest independent semiconductor foundry, is valued at $2.3 trillion, while South Korea’s Samsung has a market capitalization of $1.5 trillion. The ongoing AI data center boom has helped drive valuations across the semiconductor and technology industries, benefiting companies throughout the AI supply chain. The Oil Titans in 2026 Saudi Aramco is the world’s most valuable energy company, with a market capitalization of $1.7 trillion. Its 2019 initial public offering was the largest in history by gross proceeds raised at the time. It is followed by two American oil supermajors, ExxonMobil ($579 billion) and Chevron ($350 billion), both headquartered in the Houston area. Unlike Saudi Aramco, neither company is state-owned. Financial Dominance in the U.S. The U.S. is home to the world’s most valuable financial companies, led by Berkshire Hathaway ($1.1 trillion), JPMorgan Chase ($895 billion), and Visa ($625 billion). Three Chinese state-owned banks have market capitalizations exceeding $300 billion: Agricultural Bank of China, China Construction Bank, and ICBC. Europe’s lone representative among the world’s most valuable financial companies is Britain’s HSBC, with a market capitalization of more than $328 billion. As of 2026, HSBC is Europe’s second-largest bank by assets, behind France’s BNP Paribas. Learn More on the Voronoi App Curious who’s leading these massive firms? Check out The Highest Paid CEOs of S&P 500 Companies on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

Use This Visualization U.S. Cities by Family Income Needed to Live Comfortably See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways San Francisco tops the ranking, where a family of four needs nearly $408,000 a year to live comfortably. Seven California cities rank among the nation’s 20 most expensive for families, highlighting the state’s exceptionally high cost of living. On average, families need about $61,000 more in annual income in Western cities than in Southern cities. A six-figure household income no longer guarantees financial comfort in many parts of the United States. For families of four, the income needed to cover everyday expenses, enjoy discretionary spending, and save for the future now varies by more than $200,000 between major cities. This graphic ranks 56 major U.S. cities by the annual family income needed to live comfortably, based on SmartAsset estimates using the MIT Living Wage Calculator and the widely used 50/30/20 budgeting framework, which allocates income across needs, wants, and savings. California Dominates the Most Expensive Cities California accounts for seven of the top 20 cities on the list, reflecting the state’s high housing and living costs. San Francisco tops the ranking, requiring an annual household income of nearly $408,000, followed closely by nearby San Jose at roughly $403,000. RankCityFamily Income Needed to Live Comfortably (2026) 1San Francisco, CA$407,597 2San Jose, CA$402,771 3Oakland, CA$371,488 4Boston, MA$368,742 5Arlington, VA$368,326 6New York, NY$337,875 7Seattle, WA$334,131 8Irvine, CA$327,226 9Honolulu, HI$321,069 10Washington, DC$319,405 11Portland, OR$313,747 12San Diego, CA$312,915 13Denver, CO$303,514 14Jersey City, NJ$297,606 15Minneapolis, MN$288,787 16Anchorage, AK$285,210 17Los Angeles, CA$281,466 18Sacramento, CA$279,802 19Newark, NJ$278,221 20St. Paul, MN$278,221 21Riverside, CA$270,566 22Colorado Springs, CO$270,566 23Tacoma, WA$264,742 24Madison, WI$263,245 25Philadelphia, PA$252,845 26Reno, NV$251,264 27Boise, ID$251,181 28Raleigh, NC$249,434 29Buffalo, NY$247,853 30Indianapolis, IN$247,021 31Phoenix, AZ$245,523 32Chicago, IL$242,278 33Charlotte, NC$241,446 34Pittsburgh, PA$238,534 35Columbus, OH$238,534 36Durham, NC$237,619 37Virginia Beach, VA$237,702 38Atlanta, GA$232,378 39Omaha, NE$232,294 40Miami, FL$231,130 41Kansas City, MO$230,131 42Plano, TX$230,464 43Austin, TX$229,050 44Tampa, FL$226,720 45Baltimore, MD$224,224 46Richmond, VA$223,974 47Fort Worth, TX$217,235 48Tulsa, OK$215,238 49Dallas, TX$214,490 50Orlando, FL$214,157 51Nashville, TN$213,408 52Jacksonville, FL$211,578 53Houston, TX$204,672 54New Orleans, LA$197,766 55Memphis, TN$193,939 56San Antonio, TX$192,608 Oakland, Irvine, San Diego, Los Angeles, and Sacramento also rank among the nation’s most expensive places for families. Housing remains one of the biggest drivers of these high income requirements. Limited housing supply, strong demand, and elevated home prices continue to push both ownership and rental costs well above the national average in many California metro areas. High Costs Extend Beyond the Coasts While coastal metros dominate the top of the ranking, high income requirements are no longer limited to the coasts. Cities including Denver, Minneapolis, Madison, and Colorado Springs now require annual household incomes above $260,000, showing how rising housing and everyday living costs have spread well beyond traditional high-cost markets. Meanwhile, cities such as Boston, Arlington, Washington, D.C., and New York continue to rank among the country’s most expensive urban centers. These areas combine elevated housing costs with higher prices for transportation, childcare, and everyday services. Southern Cities Offer Lower Income Thresholds Southern cities generally have the lowest income thresholds in the dataset, but “lower” remains relative. Even San Antonio, which ranks as the most affordable city in this comparison, still requires roughly $193,000 in annual household income for a family of four to comfortably follow the 50/30/20 budgeting framework. Memphis, New Orleans, Houston, and Jacksonville round out the five lowest-cost cities. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing where wealth is moving in America.

Mapped: Countries With the Most Seniors This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways: Monaco has the world’s oldest population, with more than 36% of residents aged 65 or older. Japan ranks second and is the oldest major economy, with nearly 30% of its population over 65. Europe dominates the rankings, highlighting the growing demographic pressure on pensions, healthcare, and shrinking workforces. The world is getting older, and in some countries, seniors already make up more than one-quarter of the population. This visualization, created by Iswardi Ishak, ranks countries by the share of their population aged 65 and above, using World Bank data. Some Countries Are Aging Faster The table below shows the countries with the highest share of residents aged 65 and older. RankCountry% of seniors in population 1 Monaco36.17 2 Japan29.78 3 Puerto Rico (US)24.72 4 Italy24.62 5 Portugal24.53 6 Greece23.94 7 Finland23.90 8 Germany23.20 9 Croatia23.19 10 Isle of Man (UK)23.15 11 Virgin Islands (U.S.)22.69 12 Serbia22.69 13 Hong Kong SAR, China22.67 14 San Marino22.41 15 Bosnia and Herzegovina22.23 16 France22.15 17 Bulgaria22.03 18 European Union22.01 19 Slovenia21.77 20 Bermuda (UK)21.74 21 Latvia21.74 22 Estonia21.30 23 Spain21.15 24 Hungary20.99 25 Denmark20.87 26 Czechia20.85 27 Sweden20.75 28 Liechtenstein20.73 29 Austria20.61 30 Belgium20.56 31 Netherlands20.50 32 Malta20.21 33 Lithuania20.17 34 Poland20.14 35 Switzerland20.02 36 Romania19.98 37 Canada19.80 38 United Kingdom19.5 39 South Korea19.27 40 Ukraine18.96 41 Norway18.79 42 Slovak Republic18.54 43 St. Martin (French part)18.41 44 North Macedonia18.02 45 United States17.93 46 Montenegro17.83 47 Faroe Islands (UK)17.74 48 Australia17.73 49 Belarus17.67 50 Gibraltar17.62 51 New Zealand17.20 52 Russian Federation17.18 53 Aruba17.06 54 Albania16.92 55 Curacao16.78 56 Cuba16.57 57 Barbados16.55 58 Moldova16.21 59 Uruguay16.05 60 Andorra15.95 61 Ireland15.89 62 Iceland15.64 63 Georgia15.64 64 Luxembourg15.48 65 Thailand15.36 66 China14.67 67 Cyprus14.62 68 Macao SAR, China14.27 69 Chile14.14 70 Sint Maarten (Dutch part)13.94 71 Armenia13.70 72 Singapore13.66 73 Mauritius13.53 74 Dominica12.96 75 Guam12.60 76 Israel12.55 77 Argentina12.42 78 Korea, Dem. People's Rep.12.40 79 Trinidad and Tobago12.38 80 Grenada12.24 81 Costa Rica12.23 82 Sri Lanka12.10 83 St. Vincent and the Grenadines11.89 84 Antigua and Barbuda11.78 85 Bahamas, The11.78 86 New Caledonia11.43 87 Palau11.34 88 French Polynesia11.32 89 Turks and Caicos Islands11.25 90 St. Kitts and Nevis11.23 91 Brazil11.05 92 Greenland10.81 93 Turkiye10.28 94 Lebanon10.14 95 Kosovo10.07 96 Colombia9.78 97 Northern Mariana Islands9.75 98 Venezuela9.68 99 British Virgin Islands9.62 100 St. Lucia9.62 101 Tunisia9.53 102 Panama9.35 103 Peru9.23 104 Vietnam9.05 105 Cayman Islands (UK)9.00 106 Kazakhstan8.65 107 Azerbaijan8.56 108 Seychelles8.54 109 Ecuador8.34 110 Mexico8.25 111 Iran8.24 112 Jamaica8.21 113 El Salvador8.15 114 Morocco8.14 115 American Samoa8.04 116 Suriname7.90 117 Dominican Republic7.88 118 Malaysia7.74 119 Myanmar7.30 120 Indonesia7.29 121 India7.15 122 Brunei Darussalam6.87 123 Cabo Verde6.86 124 Guyana6.73 125 Tonga6.72 126 South Africa6.69 127 Tuvalu6.67 128 Algeria6.58 129 Paraguay6.54 130 Nepal6.50 131 Bangladesh6.50 132 Bhutan6.49 133 Fiji6.49 134 Cambodia6.16 135 Micronesia, Fed. Sts.5.95 136 Samoa5.88 137 Uzbekistan5.86 138 Kyrgyz Republic5.68 139 Bolivia5.64 140 Nicaragua5.53 141 Philippines5.49 142 Timor-Leste5.28 143 Mongolia5.14 144 Egypt5.12 145 Belize5.02 146 Libya5.02 147 Djibouti4.85 148 Guatemala4.85 149 Syria4.74 150 Haiti4.71 151 Laos4.67 152 Marshall Islands4.64 153 Maldives4.64 154 Turkmenistan4.53 155 Jordan4.52 156 Comoros4.47 157 Honduras4.42 158 Vanuatu4.30 159 Pakistan4.28 160 Eswatini4.26 161 Kiribati4.24 162 Eritrea4.2 163 Gabon4.08 164 Botswana4.04 165 Rwanda3.93 166 Sao Tome and Principe3.90 167 Lesotho3.86 168 Bahrain3.85 169 Tajikistan3.85 170 West Bank and Gaza3.84 171 Ghana3.71 172 Equatorial Guinea3.69 173 Namibia3.67 174 Solomon Islands3.64 175 Senegal3.62 176 Zimbabwe3.60 177 Papua New Guinea3.46 178 Guinea3.46 179 Iraq3.41 180 Madagascar3.41 181 Liberia3.30 182 Sudan3.30 183 Sierra Leone3.24 184 Ethiopia3.23 185 Mauritania3.23 186 Togo3.21 187 Guinea-Bissau3.19 188 Benin3.12 189 Kuwait3.10 190 Gambia, The3.08 191 Congo, Dem. Rep.3.08 192 Nigeria3.05 193 Tanzania3.05 194 South Sudan2.99 195 Congo, Rep.2.99 196 Kenya2.97 197 Saudi Arabia2.95 198 Angola2.85 199 Nauru2.85 200 Cameroon2.79 201 Mozambique2.75 202 Burkina Faso2.65 203 Oman2.64 204 Cote d'Ivoire2.61 205 Niger2.59 206 Somalia2.59 207 Malawi2.59 208 Burundi2.53 209 Yemen2.52 210 Afghanistan2.40 211 Mali2.38 212 Uganda2.19 213 Central African Republic2.15 214 Chad2.10 215 Zambia1.95 216 United Arab Emirates1.77 217 Qatar1.68 Monaco is a clear outlier, with more than one in three residents aged 65 or older. Japan follows at nearly 30%, while Southern and Eastern Europe account for much of the rest of the top 15. Together, these rankings show how population aging has become concentrated in advanced economies with decades of low fertility and long life expectancy. Europe Dominates the Aging Rankings Europe’s high senior shares reflect decades of below-replacement fertility and rising life expectancy. Countries such as Italy, Portugal, Greece, and Germany now have more than one in five residents aged 65 or older, making Europe the world’s oldest region by this measure. Outside Europe, smaller territories and economies including Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Hong Kong, and San Marino also rank near the top. The Workforce Impact As populations age, the balance between workers and retirees shifts. A smaller working-age population can slow economic growth while increasing demand for pensions, healthcare, and long-term care. These demographic changes are already reshaping labor markets in many countries, encouraging employers to retain older workers, automate routine tasks, and find new ways to address labor shortages. Learn More on the Voronoi App To see how aging trends could evolve over the rest of the century, check out Ranked: Top 25 Countries With the Most Seniors in 2025, 2050, 2075, & 2100 on Voronoi. Changes made

Use This Visualization Ranked: America’s Best-Selling Car Companies in 2025 See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Four auto groups were responsible for over half of all U.S. car sales in 2025. General Motors led all automakers with nearly 3 million vehicle sales. Toyota sold 2.5 million vehicles, ahead of Ford at 2.2 million and Tesla at 589,000. The U.S. remains one of the world’s largest auto markets, with more than 16 million vehicles sold domestically in 2025. This graphic visualizes U.S. vehicle sales by automaker using 2025 data from F&I Tools. The rankings reveal how foreign brands have steadily gained ground in America, while Tesla, despite its global prominence and market valuation, sold fewer than 600,000 vehicles in the country. America’s Big Three in 2025 The Big Three of U.S. carmakers have long been Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors (GM). In 2025, GM logged the most U.S. car sales of any firm, with nearly 2.9 million units moved. Ford, for its part, had over 2.2 million sales. Chrysler was acquired by Italian carmaker Fiat in 2014. The resulting Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) then merged with the French PSA Group in 2021 to form a new multinational firm, Stellantis, which is headquartered in the Netherlands while its CEO operates from the U.S. state of Michigan. In 2025, Stellantis recorded nearly 1.3 million U.S. car sales. This data table lists U.S. auto sales in 2025 by automaker. RankCompany2025 Sales (U.S.) 1GM2,853,299 2Toyota2,518,071 3Ford2,204,124 4Hyundai/Kia1,763,892 5Honda1,430,584 6Stellantis1,277,347 7Nissan928,381 8Subaru643,547 9Tesla589,000 10VW587,655 11BMW417,867 12Mazda411,451 13Mercedes343,200 14Volvo121,165 15Mitsubishi94,754 16JLR93,400 --Other118,000 --Total16,395,737 While GM remains the top automaker in the United States, its fellow Big Three firms have struggled with foreign competitors. Stellantis is just the sixth-largest car seller in the U.S. as of 2025, while Ford has been surpassed by Japanese giant Toyota, which sold over 2.5 million cars domestically. Japanese cars’ engineering, cost-effectiveness, and relative gas mileage have all contributed to their strong sales. International Car Sales in the U.S. Toyota is not the only international auto group with impressive U.S. sales. Fellow Japanese carmakers Honda (1.4 million), Mazda (411,451), Nissan (928,381), and Subaru (643,547) have also proven popular options for U.S. buyers. Hyundai Motor Group, the giant Korean auto group that includes Kia, sold nearly 1.8 million cars in 2025, while smaller British and Swedish firms like JLR (93,400) and Volvo (121,165) have maintained more niche consumer bases. Then there are the Germans. Volkswagen (587,655), BMW (417,867), and Mercedes-Benz (343,200) combined sold over a million cars in the U.S. in 2025, far below domestic carmakers like Ford and GM. The Dragon in the Room One country that has not been able to penetrate the U.S. market in a visible way is China. While Chinese firms like BYD, Geely, and Great Wall Motors have proven incredibly successful worldwide, sweeping U.S. tariffs on these manufacturers have blocked them from the lucrative American market. Both protectionist and national security reasoning has been given for these trade barriers. As a result, the U.S. remains one of the few countries worldwide where European and Japanese automakers are far outselling their Chinese counterparts. Learn More on the Voronoi App If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Will American Consumers Buy Cars Made in China? on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.

See more visualizations like this on the Voronoi app. Use This Visualization Mapped: How Many Years of Income to Buy a Home in Every State See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources. Key Takeaways Montana now has America’s highest home price-to-income ratio, surpassing California and New York. Several fast-growing migration destinations have become far less affordable over the past five years. Iowa remains the country’s most affordable housing market, requiring just 3.7 years of median household income to buy a typical home. America’s housing affordability map looks very different than it did a decade ago. Several states that drew new residents with relatively low home prices now rank among the country’s least affordable markets relative to local incomes. Using median listing prices and median household incomes from Realtor.com, this map shows how many years of income it takes to buy a typical home in every state. The results reveal where home prices have pulled furthest ahead of local earning power. Home Affordability by State in 2025 The table below shows median listing prices relative to median household incomes in each state, effectively showing how many years of income it takes to buy a home. StateHome Price-to-Income Ratio2025Median Listing PriceMedian Household Income Montana8.7$628.4K$72.1K Hawaii8.1$767.4K$94.6K New York8.1$668.2K$82.7K California7.8$742.3K$95.1K Massachusetts7.8$763.7K$98.2K Idaho7.5$580.8K$77.6K Oregon7.0$564.0K$80.4K Washington6.6$638.2K$96.1K Nevada6.6$491.9K$74.8K Rhode Island6.6$563.2K$85.7K New Mexico6.2$398.8K$64.4K Tennessee6.2$430.5K$69.7K Utah6.2$589.9K$95.6K Vermont6.2$504.6K$81.9K Arizona6.1$484.5K$78.8K Maine6.1$459.3K$75.2K Wyoming6.1$472.4K$77.7K Colorado6.1$579.4K$95.5K New Hampshire6.1$586.1K$96.8K Florida6.0$432.7K$72.7K North Carolina5.8$413.0K$71.5K New Jersey5.6$556.3K$99.4K District of Columbia5.6$589.7K$106.0K Delaware5.5$486.0K$87.7K Connecticut5.4$518.9K$95.4K South Carolina5.4$363.9K$67.8K Georgia5.2$392.1K$75.1K Mississippi5.2$294.5K$56.8K Alabama5.2$330.8K$64.0K Wisconsin5.1$388.1K$75.7K South Dakota5.0$379.5K$75.7K Arkansas4.9$299.8K$60.7K Virginia4.8$447.0K$92.7K Texas4.8$364.7K$76.6K Kentucky4.7$306.6K$64.6K Louisiana4.7$278.9K$59.3K North Dakota4.7$364.3K$77.7K Alaska4.6$436.4K$94.2K Oklahoma4.6$299.4K$65.0K Nebraska4.5$346.2K$77.0K Minnesota4.4$388.2K$88.6K Maryland4.4$434.3K$99.3K Missouri4.3$301.2K$69.7K West Virginia4.3$259.5K$60.2K Pennsylvania4.2$312.5K$74.9K Michigan4.1$290.3K$70.1K Indiana4.1$295.8K$71.5K Kansas4.0$292.6K$74.0K Ohio4.0$277.3K$70.2K Illinois3.8$307.7K$80.6K Iowa3.7$282.9K$76.0K Why Montana Is Now Less Affordable Than California A typical home in Montana costs 8.7 years of household income, surpassing California, New York, and Massachusetts. The result would have seemed unlikely a decade ago, when Montana was widely viewed as an affordable alternative to coastal markets. Montana’s ranking illustrates how dramatically America’s housing market has shifted. Home prices surged during the pandemic-era migration boom, and between 2020 and 2025, the state’s population grew 5.9%, helping fuel demand in a market with limited housing supply. Meanwhile, neighboring Idaho saw the third-fastest growth in net migration and now ranks among the 10 most unaffordable states relative to income. The Affordable Sun Belt Is Getting Harder to Find The shift isn’t limited to one state. Many Sun Belt markets that attracted millions of Americans with lower housing costs have become significantly less affordable as prices climbed faster than local incomes. Now, a median-income household in Texas can no longer afford a median-priced home valued at $364,700. Promisingly, however, Texas and Florida are building more homes than any other state, holding a combined 27% of the nation’s building permits in 2025. This highlights how fast affordability has deteriorated in some of America’s fastest-growing states. While these markets remain less expensive than California or New York, home prices have risen much faster than many buyers expected. The Midwest Is Emerging as America’s Affordability Stronghold While affordability has eroded across much of the country, the Midwest remains a notable exception. Iowa ranks as the most affordable state in America, requiring just 3.7 years of household income to purchase a typical home, at about $283,000 in 2025. Nearby states including Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Kansas also rank among the country’s most attainable housing markets, where median home prices remain near or below $300,000. Each of these states has a home price-to-income ratio close to what the median U.S. homebuyer faced in 2000. America’s Housing Map Has Been Redrawn A generation ago, Americans could often find more affordable housing by moving away from expensive coastal markets. Today, several of those destinations rank among the country’s least affordable places relative to local incomes. The result is a new housing landscape where affordability is increasingly concentrated in a handful of Midwestern states, while much of the country’s growth corridors have become harder for local households to afford. Learn More on the Voronoi App To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing where wealth is moving in America.