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Mapped: Deaths Now Outnumber Births in 17 U.S. States
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Mapped: Deaths Now Outnumber Births in 17 U.S. States
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
The number of states recording more deaths than births has more than quadrupled from much of the 2010s.
Natural population change excludes migration, revealing where births alone no longer sustain population growth.
Texas, California, New York, Georgia, and Utah recorded the largest natural population gains.
Natural population growth is slowing across much of America.
According to the latest U.S. Census Bureau estimates, 17 states recorded more deaths than births between July 2024 and July 2025, up from only four states during much of the 2010s.
Using U.S. Census Bureau data, this map shows natural population change in every state. Because the measure excludes domestic and international migration, it highlights where population growth increasingly depends on people moving in.
Natural Population Change by State
The table below ranks every state by natural population change between July 2024 and July 2025, highlighting where births continued to outpace deaths—and where they no longer did.
StateNatural Population ChangeJul 2024–Jul 2025
Pennsylvania-10,708
West Virginia-7,887
Maine-5,019
Michigan-4,998
Oregon-3,764
Mississippi-2,607
Alabama-2,188
New Hampshire-2,167
New Mexico-1,885
Vermont-1,769
Florida-1,333
Arkansas-1,224
Ohio-729
Delaware-554
Rhode Island-304
Montana-90
Kentucky-83
Missouri177
Wyoming295
South Carolina564
Wisconsin1,161
Hawaii2,024
Connecticut2,283
District of Columbia2,516
Oklahoma2,559
South Dakota2,605
North Dakota2,630
Louisiana2,774
Iowa2,949
Nevada3,051
Alaska3,308
Tennessee3,597
Kansas4,951
Nebraska6,136
Idaho6,900
Massachusetts8,419
Indiana8,561
Illinois10,903
Maryland11,444
Minnesota12,071
Virginia13,817
North Carolina15,129
Washington17,230
Colorado20,608
Utah24,961
New Jersey26,023
Georgia28,631
Arizona20,914
New York42,815
California109,715
Texas157,711
Pennsylvania recorded the nation’s largest natural decline (-10.7K), followed by West Virginia, Maine, and Michigan. Most states with natural decreases were concentrated in the Northeast and Appalachia, regions that include several states with some of the country’s oldest populations.
Florida also recorded more deaths than births, yet remained one of America’s fastest-growing states because of migration.
The South remained the engine of natural population growth. Texas (+158K), Georgia (+29K), and North Carolina (+15K) posted strong gains. California (+110K) and New York (+43K) also recorded far more births than deaths despite slower overall population growth.
America’s Population Is Increasingly Shaped by Migration
Natural population change tells only part of the story.
Several states with more deaths than births, including Florida, Maine, and Pennsylvania, can still grow overall when migration offsets their natural decline. Others continue losing population even after attracting newcomers.
Meanwhile, states such as Texas, North Carolina, and Arizona benefit from both natural population growth and migration, helping drive some of the country’s fastest population gains.
As America’s population ages and birth rates remain historically low, natural population growth is becoming less common. For a growing number of states, migration—not births—is now the primary driver of population growth, making migration trends increasingly important to their long-term demographic outlook.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on immigration’s role in U.S. population growth by state.
Ranked: Countries Creating the Most New Millionaires
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Ranked: Countries Creating the Most New Millionaires
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Nearly one million people became new millionaires in 2025, averaging more than 2,680 every day.
The United States accounted for nearly half of all new millionaires worldwide, adding more than 441,000 people.
The UK ranked a distant second with just over 43,000 new millionaires, highlighting the scale of the U.S. lead.
While almost one million people crossed the $1 million wealth threshold in 2025, that growth was far from evenly shared across countries.
This visualization ranks the 31 countries that added the most new USD millionaires between 2024 and 2025, revealing where personal wealth expanded fastest over the past year.
The data comes from the UBS Global Wealth Report 2026, which tracks individuals whose net worth exceeded $1 million USD.
The U.S. Dominates Global Wealth Creation
The United States added 441,078 new millionaires in one year, more than 10 times the total recorded by the second-ranked UK.
RankCountryNew USD millionaires (2024–2025)
1 U.S.441,078
2 UK43,139
3 France34,604
4 Spain32,707
5 Japan31,428
6 India31,033
7 Italy28,596
8 Australia25,089
9 Germany24,263
10 Russia21,951
11 South Korea20,227
12 China14,079
13 Taiwan9,864
14 Ireland9,491
15 Brazil9,215
16 Switzerland8,907
17 Israel8,803
18 Mexico8,724
19 Saudi Arabia8,718
20 UAE6,277
21 Türkiye5,650
22 Singapore5,240
23 Poland3,888
24 South Africa3,840
25 Greece2,762
26 Chile2,593
27 Hong Kong SAR1,891
28 Hungary1,349
29 Latvia1,131
30 Lithuania921
31 Qatar528
Canada was not included in this year’s UBS Wealth Report for the ranking and is absent.
American households accounted for nearly half of everyone worldwide who crossed the $1 million threshold in 2025, underscoring the country’s outsized role in global wealth creation.
Strong equity market performance, widespread household investment participation, and resilient economic growth contributed to rising personal wealth.
Europe Claims Many of the Top Spots
Europe is well represented throughout the ranking, with the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Italy, Germany, Ireland, Switzerland, Poland, Greece, Hungary, Latvia, and Lithuania all appearing in the top 31.
The UK ranked second overall, adding more than 43,000 new millionaires, while France and Spain each added more than 30,000.
Although no single European country approached the U.S. total, six of the top 10 countries were in Europe. This points to broad-based wealth growth across several major economies rather than one dominant regional market.
Asia Adds New Millionaires Across Major Markets
Japan and India each added more than 31,000 new millionaires, followed by South Korea with more than 20,000 and China with more than 14,000.
Smaller financial hubs such as Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong SAR also made the list despite their relatively modest populations.
Asia’s results highlight two paths to wealth creation. India continued adding millionaires alongside rapid economic expansion, while mature markets such as Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong SAR, and Singapore generated new wealth through established household asset bases and rising financial markets.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the world’s richest countries by GDP per capita.
Ranked: Countries With the Most Government Debt in 2026
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Countries With the Most Government Debt in 2026
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
The U.S. is projected to hold $40.7 trillion in government debt in 2026, the highest total worldwide.
Japan has the world’s highest government debt relative to the size of its economy, at 204% of GDP.
Several European economies rank among the world’s most indebted by GDP despite carrying much smaller total debt than the U.S. or China.
The countries with the largest government debt totals are not necessarily those carrying the heaviest debt burdens. The picture changes considerably depending on whether debt is measured in dollar terms or relative to the size of a country’s economy.
This graphic uses 2026 projections from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to compare the world’s 30 most indebted governments using both measures.
The U.S. Has the World’s Largest Government Debt
At $40.7 trillion, the U.S. is projected to hold by far the world’s largest stock of government debt in 2026. That figure exceeds the combined debt of China, Japan, the United Kingdom, and France, highlighting the extraordinary scale of U.S. borrowing.
The table below ranks the 30 countries with the highest government debt by total value in 2026.
RankCountryValue of debt (billions $)
1 United States40,739
2 China22,290
3 Japan8,951
4 United Kingdom4,418
5 France4,258
6 Italy3,790
7 Germany3,523
8 India3,464
9 Canada2,776
10 Brazil2,544
11 Spain2,054
12 Mexico1,330
13 Singapore1,134
14 Australia1,075
15 South Korea1,050
16 Belgium848
17 Poland745
18 Netherlands639
19 Indonesia639
20 Austria512
21 Russia507
22 Israel502
23 Argentina485
24 Saudi Arabia446
25 Switzerland442
26 Greece421
27 Türkiye418
28 Thailand387
29 South Africa379
30 Egypt374
Measured against the size of its economy, however, the picture changes considerably. At roughly 126% of GDP, the U.S. national debt ranks behind countries including Japan, Singapore, Italy, and Greece.
The U.S. also benefits from issuing the world’s primary reserve currency, which helps sustain global demand for dollar-denominated assets. U.S. Treasury securities are widely regarded as among the world’s safest investments.
Countries With the Highest Debt-to-GDP Ratios
Japan remains a clear outlier, with government debt projected to exceed 204% of GDP in 2026. While a ratio this high would raise concerns in many countries, Japan’s large domestic investor base and broader financial system help shape how markets assess its debt sustainability.
RankCountry2026 Government debt as a share of GDP (%)
1 Japan204.4%
2 Singapore171.9%
3 Sudan169.1%
4 Bahrain152.4%
5 Italy138.4%
6 Greece136.9%
7 Senegal132.3%
8 Maldives129.4%
9 United States125.8%
10 Ukraine122.6%
11 Bhutan120.3%
12 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines120.1%
13 France118.4%
14 Canada110.7%
15 Belgium109.2%
16 China106.9%
17 Mozambique106.1%
18 United Kingdom103.6%
19 Bolivia102.7%
20 Dominica98.3%
21 Spain98.2%
22 Brazil96.5%
23 Cabo Verde95.9%
24 Finland93.1%
25 Republic of the Congo91.3%
26 Barbados89.5%
27 Suriname87.1%
28 Egypt87.0%
29 Mauritius86.5%
30 Gabon86.1%
Japan is followed by Singapore, Sudan at 169%, and Bahrain at 152%. However, debt-to-GDP ratios alone do not indicate how much trust global financial markets place in a government.
Investors also consider factors such as a government’s fiscal record, credit rating, political stability, and access to financing. Countries such as Bolivia, at 103% of GDP, or Mozambique, at 106%, may face greater borrowing challenges than more established economies such as Singapore, despite Singapore’s higher debt ratio.
How Government Debt Compares Across Europe
Several major European economies are carrying sizable fiscal deficits and elevated government debt.
Greece and Italy both have debt exceeding 135% of their respective GDPs. However, Italy’s $3.8 trillion in government debt remains lower than the totals held by France and the UK, whose debt-to-GDP ratios stand at 118% and 104%, respectively.
Spain’s government debt is projected at $2.1 trillion in 2026, equal to roughly 98% of GDP. This places its relative debt burden below those of several other major European economies.
Germany, meanwhile, has used a constitutional “debt brake” to limit structural deficits. Europe’s largest economy is projected to hold $3.5 trillion in government debt in 2026, less than France, Italy, and the UK.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Learn about the countries with the lowest debt-to-GDP ratios on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Breaking Down the $655 Million World Cup Prize Money
Published 18 minutes ago on July 19, 2026
By Julia Wendling
Graphics & Design
Jennifer West
Akhila Ayyalasomayajula
Athul Alexander
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The following content is sponsored by Terzo
Breaking Down the $655 Million World Cup Prize Money
The 2026 FIFA World Cup is awarding $655 million in performance prize money, making it the richest tournament in the competition’s history. Every stage of the tournament came with a larger financial reward, giving teams another incentive to advance as far as possible. Performance prize money has increased nearly 50% since 2022, when FIFA awarded $440 million.
This Markets in a Minute graphic, created in partnership with Terzo, breaks down how the $655 million performance prize pool is distributed across every stage of the tournament. From group stage participants to the eventual champion, it shows the earnings of every qualifying country.
Spain Takes Home the World Cup
Spain captured the 2026 FIFA World Cup title and the tournament’s top prize of $50 million, while runner-up Argentina earned $33 million. It marks Spain’s second World Cup championship after previously lifting the trophy in 2010, capping off an impressive tournament run that also included victories over Belgium and France in the knockout stage.
RankTeamPrize ($ millions)
First Place Spain50
Second Place Argentina33
Third Place England29
Fourth Place France27
Quarter Finalist Morocco19
Quarter Finalist Belgium19
Quarter Finalist Norway19
Quarter Finalist Switzerland19
Round of 16 Exit Canada15
Round of 16 Exit Paraguay15
Round of 16 Exit Brazil15
Round of 16 Exit Mexico15
Round of 16 Exit Portugal15
Round of 16 Exit United States15
Round of 16 Exit Egypt15
Round of 16 Exit Colombia15
Round of 32 Exit South Africa11
Round of 32 Exit Netherlands11
Round of 32 Exit Japan11
Round of 32 Exit Germany11
Round of 32 Exit Ivory Coast11
Round of 32 Exit Sweden11
Round of 32 Exit Ecuador11
Round of 32 Exit DR Congo11
Round of 32 Exit Senegal11
Round of 32 Exit Bosnia and Herzegovina11
Round of 32 Exit Austria11
Round of 32 Exit Croatia11
Round of 32 Exit Algeria11
Round of 32 Exit Australia11
Round of 32 Exit Ghana11
Round of 32 Exit Cape Verde11
Group Stage Exit Czechia9
Group Stage Exit South Korea9
Group Stage Exit Qatar9
Group Stage ExitScotland9
Group Stage Exit Haiti9
Group Stage Exit Türkiye9
Group Stage Exit Curaçao9
Group Stage Exit Tunisia9
Group Stage Exit Iran9
Group Stage Exit New Zealand9
Group Stage Exit Uruguay9
Group Stage Exit Saudi Arabia9
Group Stage Exit Iraq9
Group Stage Exit Jordan9
Group Stage Exit Uzbekistan9
Group Stage Exit Panama9
The final remained scoreless through 90 minutes, despite Spain controlling much of the play and Argentina finishing regulation with 10 men. The deadlock finally broke in the 106th minute, when Ferran Torres scored just after the start of the second period of extra time.
Raising the World Cup Stakes
England ultimately earned $29 million by defeating France 6–4 in the third-place playoff. Bukayo Saka scored a hat trick as England survived a four-goal French comeback. France collected $27 million, while Kylian Mbappé scored twice and finished the match as the World Cup’s all-time leading scorer.
The four quarterfinal exits each earned $19 million. Morocco lost to France. Belgium fell after Mikel Merino scored Spain’s winner in the 88th minute. Norway led England through Andreas Schjelderup, but two Jude Bellingham goals completed a comeback. Switzerland pushed Argentina into extra time before falling.
Reaching the Last Eight Pays Off
Advancing deep into the World Cup delivers meaningful financial rewards. Teams eliminated in the Round of 16 received $15 million. Reaching the Round of 32 was worth $11 million, compared with $9 million for a group stage exit.
The expanded 48-team format means more nations share in FIFA’s record prize pool. Still, every knockout victory unlocks a larger payout, making each match increasingly valuable.
Every Win Counts
World Cup prize money has never been higher, reflecting the tournament’s growing commercial success. But for national federations and organizations alike, maximizing value isn’t just about generating more revenue. It’s also about making the most of every dollar that’s earned.
That’s true in business as well. While companies focus on growing the top line, improving profitability often starts with controlling the costs hidden in everyday contracts.
Big payouts are earned. Terzo helps businesses keep more of theirs.
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Ranked: Countries With More Tourists Than Locals
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Ranked: Countries With More Tourists Than Locals
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Andorra receives an astonishing 51 international tourists for every resident, the highest ratio in the world.
Many of the highest-ranked countries rely heavily on international tourism as a key economic driver.
Portugal, Austria, and Croatia show that even countries with millions of residents can attract more tourists than their populations.
The world’s busiest tourist destinations are not always the countries with the highest number of visitors per resident. In smaller nations, annual arrivals can exceed the local population many times over.
This graphic ranks the 25 countries with the highest number of international tourist arrivals per resident, using the latest available data from UN Tourism via Our World in Data and population figures from the World Bank. Territories have been excluded.
Andorra: The Tourist Playground
Andorra stands in a league of its own. The country welcomes roughly 4.2 million international visitors annually despite having only about 82,000 residents, resulting in 51 tourist arrivals per resident—more than five times Monaco’s second-place ratio.
Sandwiched in the Pyrenees between France and Spain, Andorra receives many visitors from its two larger neighbors. In recent years, the country has also attracted growing numbers of visitors from the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States.
RankCountryInternational Tourist Arrivals per Resident
1 Andorra50.86
2 Monaco9.01
3 Malta6.26
4 Iceland5.58
5 Palau5.28
6 Albania4.83
7 Bahamas4.66
8 Bahrain4.17
9 Croatia3.97
10 Antigua and Barbuda3.52
11 Montenegro3.26
12 San Marino3.20
13 Maldives3.20
14 Cyprus2.97
15 Liechtenstein2.91
16 Austria2.90
17 Seychelles2.77
18 Portugal2.71
19 Greece2.67
20 Barbados2.49
21 Denmark2.40
22 Slovenia2.38
23 United Arab Emirates2.28
24 Ireland2.20
25 Singapore2.16
Despite having no airport, Andorra has become a major tourist destination. Tourism accounts for roughly four-fifths of its economy.
Visitors are drawn to its ski resorts, spas, and mountain scenery, particularly around the capital, Andorra la Vella. The country’s long-standing duty-free status is another major attraction.
Island Nations Draw Millions
While Andorra is landlocked, many of the other countries near the top of the ranking are islands. Nations across the Mediterranean, Caribbean, Indian Ocean, and Pacific depend heavily on foreign visitors.
Malta, for example, welcomes 6.3 tourists for every resident, placing it just ahead of Iceland at 5.6.
The Bahamas leads the Caribbean at 4.7 tourists per resident, followed by Antigua and Barbuda at 3.5 and Barbados at 2.5. In the Indian Ocean, the Maldives and Seychelles receive 3.2 and 2.8 tourists per resident, respectively.
Larger Countries Also Make the List
The ranking is not limited to microstates and island nations. Portugal, Austria, and Croatia each have populations in the millions yet still receive more international tourists than residents each year.
Portugal welcomes 2.7 tourists per resident and has emerged as a major tourist destination. Visitors are drawn to historic cities such as Lisbon and Porto, along with the beaches of the Algarve.
Further east, Austria receives 2.9 tourists per resident, while Croatia receives 4.0. Their historic architecture, coastal scenery, and picturesque towns attract travelers from across Europe and beyond.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Wondering how these countries compare with the world’s most-visited destinations? Check out France is the Most Visited Country, With Over 100 Million Tourists per Year on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Ranked: The World’s Largest Beer Brewers
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Ranked: The World’s Largest Beer Brewers
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
AB InBev produced 26.4% of the world’s beer in 2024—more than the next three largest brewers combined.
Europe was home to 21 of the world’s 40 largest brewers, more than any other region.
Four Chinese brewers produced a combined 6.3 billion U.S. gallons, nearly matching Heineken’s global output.
Beer is the world’s most widely consumed alcoholic beverage, but much of it comes from a relatively small group of companies.
This visualization ranks the world’s 40 largest beer brewers by production volume using data from the BarthHaas Report 2024/25.
Together, these brewers produced 42.7 billion U.S. gallons of beer in 2024, equal to 86.3% of global production.
AB InBev Leads by a Wide Margin
AB InBev dominated the global beer industry in 2024, producing 13.1 billion U.S. gallons, or 26.4% of all beer brewed worldwide.
Its output exceeded the combined production of Heineken, China Resources Snow Breweries, and Carlsberg, underscoring the company’s unmatched global scale.
RankingBrewery2024 Beer Output (million U.S. gallons)Share of World Beer Production 2024Most Popular Beer
1 AB InBev13,089.526.4%Budweiser
2 Heineken6,358.612.8%Heineken
3 China Res. Snow Breweries2,874.25.8%Snow
4 Carlsberg2,673.45.4%Carlsberg
5/ Molson Coors2,103.34.2%Coors Light
6 Tsingtao Brewery Group1,991.34.0%Tsingtao
7 Asahi Group1,717.13.5%Asahi Super Dry
8 BGI / Groupe Castel1,162.42.3%Castel Beer / Flag
9 Yanjing1,056.72.1%Yanjing
10 Efes Group1,022.32.1%Efes Pilsen
11 Constellation Brands924.61.9%Modelo Especial
12 Baltika623.41.4%Baltika
13 Diageo (Guinness)606.31.2%Guinness
14 Kirin605.01.2%Kirin Ichiban
15 Grupo Petropolis528.31.1%Itaipava
16 San Miguel Corporation475.51.0%San Miguel Pale Pilsen
17 CCU435.40.9%Cristal
18 Grupo Mahou - San Miguel420.00.8%Mahou (Cinco Estrellas)
19 Singha Corporation388.90.8%Singha
20 Pearl River380.10.8%Zhujiang (Pearl River)
21 Saigon Beverage Corp. (SABECO)361.90.7%Saigon Beer (333)
22 Damm334.20.7%Estrella Damm
23 Radeberger Gruppe274.70.6%Radeberger Pilsner
24 OPH United Breweries251.00.5%Okhota / Bochkarev / Three Bears
25 Beer Thai (Chang)237.80.5%Chang
26 Suntory222.20.4%The Premium Malt's
27 Sapporo215.60.4%Sapporo (Black Label)
28 TCB Beteiligungsgesellschaft GmbH198.10.4%Frankfurter / Pilsator (mainly private-label)
29 Swinkels Family Brewers192.80.4%Bavaria
30 Paulaner Gruppe174.60.4%Paulaner (Hefe-Weissbier)
31 Oettinger Gruppe174.40.4%Oettinger
32 Krombacher Gruppe156.90.3%Krombacher Pils
33 Bitburger Braugruppe152.70.3%Bitburger
34 HiteJinro142.70.3%Terra / Hite
35 Olvi Group140.00.3%Olvi
36 Estrella de Galicia140.00.3%Estrella Galicia
37 Royal Unibrew132.10.3%Royal / Faxe
38 Martens126.80.3%Martens Pils
39 Polar125.50.3%Polar
40 Financiere ACP111.00.2%Goudale / Saint-Omer
The Belgian company’s scale is especially clear when compared with Heineken, the world’s second-largest brewer. The Dutch company produced 6.4 billion U.S. gallons, or 12.8% of global output, roughly half of AB InBev’s total.
AB InBev is best known for Budweiser, while Heineken’s flagship beer shares the company name. Although both companies are headquartered in Europe, their brands have become household names worldwide.
European Brewers Dominate the Ranking
Europe had more companies in the top 40 than any other region. Its 21 brewers produced a combined 29.6 billion U.S. gallons, equal to nearly 60% of global beer production.
Germany placed six brewers on the list, more than any other country, yet none ranked in the top 20. Its more than 1,500 breweries are mostly family-owned and regional, while brewers from smaller countries such as Belgium, the Netherlands, and Denmark have expanded more extensively abroad.
Asia followed with 11 brewers, led by China Resources Snow Breweries, Tsingtao, and Asahi Group. Asian companies in the ranking produced 10.3 billion U.S. gallons, equal to 20.8% of global production.
Despite being the world’s second-largest beer producer and recording annual beer consumption of 22 gallons per person in 2023, the United States had just two brewers on the list: Molson Coors, a Canadian-American company, and Constellation Brands.
Molson Coors is associated with Coors Light, while Constellation Brands holds the U.S. rights to Mexican beer brands Modelo and Corona. Modelo has been the country’s best-selling beer since 2023.
China’s Brewers Rank Among the World’s Largest
As the world’s largest beer-producing country, China is home to four brewers in the global top 40.
The highest-ranked was China Resources Snow Breweries, which placed third with 2.9 billion U.S. gallons, equal to 5.8% of global production.
Tsingtao Brewery Group also placed in the top 10, producing 2.0 billion U.S. gallons in 2024. Yanjing and Pearl River added another 1.1 billion and 380 million gallons, respectively.
Together, the four Chinese brewers produced 6.3 billion U.S. gallons of beer, nearly matching Heineken’s global output and highlighting the size of China’s domestic market.
Familiar Brands Behind the Biggest Brewers
Many of the world’s largest brewers are tied to widely recognized flagship beers. The top seven are associated with Budweiser, Heineken, Snow, Carlsberg, Coors Light, Tsingtao, and Asahi Super Dry.
Further down the ranking, regional champions play an important role. Guinness supports Diageo’s beer output, while San Miguel Pale Pilsen, Singha, Chang, Saigon Beer, and Sapporo anchor major brewers across Asia.
A handful of multinational giants dominate global beer production, but strong regional brands continue to shape individual markets. The result is an industry that is highly concentrated at the top while remaining diverse across countries and brands.
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If you enjoyed today’s post, check out The Rising Beer Prices of Popular Brands on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Ranked: The Countries Gaining and Losing the Most Tourists
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Ranked: The Countries Gaining and Losing the Most Tourists
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Saudi Arabia recorded the largest increase in international tourist arrivals, up 67% from 2019.
Israel saw the steepest decline, with arrivals falling 71% following the outbreak of war in October 2023.
Tourism growth was strongest in the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of South America.
International travel patterns have shifted since 2019, with some countries attracting far more visitors and others remaining below their pre-pandemic levels.
This graphic ranks OECD and partner economies by the percentage change in international tourist arrivals between 2019 and 2025. The data comes from the OECD Tourism Trends and Policies 2026.
Saudi Arabia Leads the Tourism Boom
Saudi Arabia leads the dataset, attracting 67% more international tourists than in 2019.
The increase reflects the country’s push to diversify its economy through Vision 2030, including easier tourist visas, expanded airline capacity, and major investments in cultural attractions and entertainment.
RankCountryChange in tourists (2019-2025)
1 Saudi Arabia+67%
2 Morocco+53%
3 Egypt+47%
4 Brazil+46%
5 Colombia+45%
6 Japan+34%
7 Chile+33%
8 Norway+28%
9 Serbia+27%
10 Denmark+22%
11 Türkiye+21%
12 Portugal+20%
13 Luxembourg+19%
14 Slovenia+16%
15 Spain+16%
16 Iceland+14%
17 France+12%
18 Greece+11%
19 Netherlands+11%
20 Sweden+11%
21 South Korea+8%
22 Mexico+6%
23 EU-27+6%
24 Austria+5%
25 OECD+5%
26 World+4%
27 South Africa+3%
28 Finland+3%
29 Bulgaria+2%
30 Croatia+2%
31 Poland+1%
32 Belgium0%
33 Czechia0%
34 Switzerland-1%
35 Slovak Republic-2%
36 Indonesia-4%
37 Romania-4%
38 Italy-5%
39 Australia-6%
40 Costa Rica-6%
41 Germany-6%
42 New Zealand-9%
43 Canada-11%
44 United States-14%
45 Latvia-14%
46 Lithuania-15%
47 Hungary-15%
48 Estonia-16%
49 Thailand-17%
50 Peru-22%
51 Argentina-23%
52 Ireland-32%
53 Israel-71%
Morocco (+53%) and Egypt (+47%) also posted strong gains, supported by demand for Mediterranean and North African travel.
In South America, Brazil (+46%), Colombia (+45%), and Chile (+33%) all surpassed their 2019 visitor levels.
Europe Sees Broad Recovery
Most European destinations have returned to or exceeded their pre-pandemic tourism levels, though their gains were generally smaller than those recorded in the Middle East and North Africa.
Norway (+28%), Serbia (+27%), Denmark (+22%), Portugal (+20%), Spain (+16%), and France (+12%) all recorded notable increases in international arrivals.
However, Germany (-6%), Italy (-5%), and Ireland (-32%) remained below their 2019 levels.
Conflict Weighs on Tourism
Israel experienced the sharpest decline in the dataset, with international tourist arrivals falling 71% amid the conflict in Gaza.
Several Asia-Pacific destinations also remained below their pre-pandemic totals. Thailand (-17%), New Zealand (-9%), Australia (-6%), and Indonesia (-4%) were among the countries with slower recoveries following the region’s extended border closures during the pandemic.
The United States recorded a 14% decline in international arrivals compared with 2019, while Canada was down 11%.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out The World’s Biggest Tourism Spenders on the Voronoi app.
Who Supplies Every FIFA World Cup 2026 Kit?
Who Supplies Every FIFA World Cup 2026 Kit?
This was originally posted on our Voronoi app. Download the app for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways:
Adidas outfits the most teams at the 2026 FIFA World Cup (14), followed by Nike (12) and Puma (11).
The three sportswear giants supply kits for 37 of the tournament’s 48 nations, accounting for more than three-quarters of the field.
Ten other manufacturers split the remaining 11 teams, with Kelme the only smaller brand supplying more than one nation.
The competition to outfit national teams has become almost as fierce as the action on the pitch. This visualization, created by Harris Saleem using data from Tonton Sports, shows the kit supplier for each of the 48 nations competing at the expanded 2026 FIFA World Cup.
Beyond the dominant global brands, the tournament also features several regional manufacturers with national team partnerships.
The Big Three Continue to Dominate
Here’s the full breakdown of kit suppliers for all 48 nations:
BrandTeams SponsoredCountries
Adidas14 Algeria
Argentina
Belgium
Colombia
Curaçao
Germany
Japan
Mexico
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Scotland
South Africa
Spain
Sweden
Nike12 Australia
Brazil
Canada
Croatia
England
France
Netherlands
Norway
South Korea
Turkey
United States
Uruguay
Puma11 Austria
Czech Republic
Egypt
Ghana
Ivory Coast
Morocco
New Zealand
Paraguay
Portugal
Senegal
Switzerland
Kelme2 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Jordan
Capelli1 Cape Verde
Umbro1 DR Congo
Marathon1 Ecuador
Saeta1 Haiti
Majid1 Iran
Jako1 Iraq
Reebok1 Panama
Kappa1 Tunisia
7Saber1 Uzbekistan
Adidas, Nike, and Puma have turned the World Cup into a three-brand contest. Together, they supply 37 of the tournament’s 48 teams, leaving just 11 nations spread across 10 other manufacturers.
Adidas leads with 14 teams, including Argentina, Germany, Spain, Japan, and Mexico. Nike follows with 12, including Brazil, England, France, the Netherlands, the United States, and co-host Canada. Puma ranks third with 11 teams, including Portugal, Morocco, Senegal, Switzerland, and Uruguay.
Among the smaller suppliers, Kelme is the only brand outfitting more than one nation, supplying Bosnia and Herzegovina and Jordan. Regional manufacturers such as Marathon in Ecuador, Majid in Iran, and Saeta in Haiti retain prominent partnerships in their home markets.
Changing Partnerships Reflect a Shifting Market
National team sponsorship deals are constantly evolving. Germany’s decision to switch from Adidas to Nike after decades of partnership marked one of the sport’s biggest commercial shake-ups and illustrated how fiercely brands compete for international visibility.
World Cup sponsorship gives apparel companies access to a vast global audience. Many of the participating nations also feature athletes associated with the world’s most commercially powerful clubs, reflecting the broader economics behind the world’s most valuable sports teams.
More Than Just a Jersey
Modern World Cup kits combine performance features with national storytelling. Colors, historical references, Indigenous motifs, and cultural symbols can turn each jersey into both athletic apparel and an expression of national identity.
That symbolism can also spark debate over flags, cultural imagery, and national messaging. Equipment worn by individual players can attract similar attention, as seen in the discussion surrounding bright pink boots worn across multiple brands during the tournament.
The expanded 48-team World Cup has created the largest kit-supply field in the competition’s history. Adidas, Nike, and Puma remain firmly in control, but the presence of 10 smaller manufacturers gives regional brands a place on football’s biggest stage.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Want to explore more World Cup history? Check out All FIFA World Cup Winners (1930–2022) on the Voronoi app.
Ranked: The Deepest Points in the World’s Oceans
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Ranked: The Deepest Points in the World’s Oceans
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Challenger Deep in the Pacific Ocean reaches 6.8 miles below sea level, making it deeper than Mount Everest is tall.
The Pacific’s deepest point is about 30% deeper than the Atlantic Ocean’s deepest location.
The Arctic Ocean’s Molloy Hole is the shallowest entry in the ranking at 3.5 miles, nearly half the depth of Challenger Deep.
The ocean floor contains some of Earth’s most extreme environments, with trenches and deep basins extending miles below sea level.
This visualization ranks the deepest known point in each of the world’s five oceans, highlighting the exceptional depth of the Pacific Ocean’s Mariana Trench.
The data for this visualization comes from Earth-Science Reviews and covers the Pacific, Atlantic, Southern, Indian, and Arctic Oceans.
The Deepest Ocean Points on Earth
Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench reaches 6.8 miles (10.9 kilometers) below sea level, about one mile farther than Mount Everest is tall. It is the deepest known point in Earth’s oceans and illustrates the extraordinary scale of the Pacific’s trench system.
The data table below ranks the deepest known point in each ocean:
RankDeepest PointOceanDepth in milesDepth in meters
1Challenger Deep (Mariana Trench)Pacific Ocean6.7910,925
2Puerto Rico TrenchAtlantic Ocean5.228,408
3South Sandwich TrenchSouthern Ocean4.597,385
4Java TrenchIndian Ocean4.537,290
5Molloy HoleArctic Ocean3.525,669
Although every location in this ranking is exceptionally deep, Challenger Deep occupies a class of its own.
The next-deepest entry, the Puerto Rico Trench in the Atlantic Ocean, reaches 5.2 miles below sea level. In other words, Challenger Deep is 30% deeper.
How Depths Compare Across the Five Oceans
Due to its highly active tectonic subduction zones, the Pacific Ocean’s western rim contains many of the world’s deepest trenches. Challenger Deep only narrowly exceeds other deep Pacific locations, including the Tonga Trench and Philippine Trench, which reach roughly 6.7 and 6.5 miles, respectively.
The Atlantic Ocean’s Puerto Rico Trench and the Southern Ocean’s South Sandwich Trench, ranked second and third, are separated by 0.6 miles (0.97 kilometers).
The South Sandwich Trench and the Indian Ocean’s Java Trench are separated by just 0.06 miles (95 meters), the smallest gap in the ranking.
The Arctic Ocean’s Molloy Hole is still extremely deep at 3.5 miles, but the Mariana Trench extends nearly twice as far below sea level.
Why Measuring the Deep Ocean Is Difficult
Accurately measuring the deepest parts of the ocean remains challenging. An estimated 99.999% of the deep ocean remains visually unexplored. These areas are remote, completely dark, cold, highly pressurized, and often shaped by complex seafloor terrain.
Because of these conditions, some values in the dataset are listed as approximations, including the depths of the South Sandwich Trench and Java Trench.
This uncertainty highlights how little of the deep ocean has been directly observed. Despite advances in sonar mapping and deep-sea exploration, vast areas remain unseen, leaving room for future discoveries beneath the ocean’s surface.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Ranked: The World’s Deepest Caves on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Mapped: The Largest Non-Christian Religion in Every U.S. State
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Mapped: The Largest Non-Christian Religion in Every U.S. State
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Islam accounts for nearly half of all recorded non-Christian adherents in the U.S. Religion Census.
New York has the country’s largest recorded non-Christian population, at roughly 1.7 million people, and the highest share, at 8.5%.
Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, and the Baha’i Faith dominate in a handful of regional pockets.
Christianity remains the largest religion across the United States, but the country’s leading non-Christian faith varies considerably by region.
Using estimates from the 2020 U.S. Religion Census, this map shows the largest recorded non-Christian religion in every state. Several Western states are led by Buddhism or Hinduism, while local historical and demographic patterns produce a number of unexpected outliers.
Conducted every 10 years, the census tracks religious congregations and estimates adherents across hundreds of faith traditions.
Islam Leads Across Most of the Country
One of the map’s biggest surprises is Islam’s geographic reach.
It ranks as the largest recorded non-Christian religion across nearly half of all U.S. states, spanning much of the Midwest, South, Northeast, and several major coastal states.
State NameLargest Religion after Christianity
AlabamaIslam
AlaskaBuddhism
ArizonaIslam
ArkansasIslam
CaliforniaIslam
ColoradoHinduism
ConnecticutIslam
DelawareHinduism
District of ColumbiaReform Judaism
FloridaIslam
GeorgiaIslam
HawaiiBuddhism
IdahoIslam
IllinoisIslam
IndianaIslam
IowaIslam
KansasHinduism
KentuckyIslam
LouisianaIslam
MaineIslam
MarylandIslam
MassachusettsIslam
MichiganIslam
MinnesotaIslam
MississippiIslam
MissouriIslam
MontanaBuddhism
NebraskaHinduism
NevadaBuddhism
New HampshireConservative Judaism
New JerseyIslam
New MexicoHinduism
New YorkIslam
North CarolinaIslam
North DakotaIslam
OhioIslam
OklahomaIslam
OregonHinduism
PennsylvaniaIslam
Rhode IslandReform Judaism
South CarolinaBahá’í Faith
South DakotaBahá’í Faith
TennesseeIslam
TexasIslam
UtahIslam
VermontIslam
VirginiaIslam
WashingtonBuddhism
West VirginiaReform Judaism
WisconsinIslam
WyomingBahá’í Faith
Muslim communities are especially large in states with major urban centers and long histories of immigration.
New York records roughly 724,000 Muslim adherents, the largest recorded non-Christian religious community in any state. More broadly, New York is home to about 1.7 million non-Christian adherents overall, the highest total in the country.
California follows with more than 504,000 Muslim adherents, while Illinois has approximately 474,000.
Buddhism and Hinduism Stand Out in the West
Several Western and Pacific states break from the broader national pattern.
Mahayana Buddhism is the largest non-Christian religion in Hawaii, Nevada, and Washington. Hawaii is the clearest example, with nearly 47,000 adherents, equal to 3.2% of the state’s population.
The state’s Buddhist population reflects its longstanding cultural ties to Japan, China, Korea, and other parts of Asia. Other Buddhist traditions lead in Alaska and Montana.
Hinduism ranks first in Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, Nebraska, and Oregon. These communities are smaller in absolute terms, but they still represent the largest recorded non-Christian faith in those states.
History Creates Several Notable Outliers
Several states reflect distinctive historical or demographic influences that produce very different outcomes.
Reform Judaism is the largest non-Christian religion in the District of Columbia, Rhode Island, and West Virginia. Conservative Judaism ranks first in New Hampshire.
The Bahá’í Faith leads in South Carolina, South Dakota, and Wyoming. In these states, even relatively small communities can rank first because the overall number of recorded non-Christian adherents is lower.
New Mexico is another outlier. There, Hindu yoga and meditation organizations form the largest recorded group after Christianity.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out America’s Most Religious States on Voronoi.
Ranked: Where Households Pay the Highest Energy Bills
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Ranked: Where Households Pay the Highest Energy Bills
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Sweden has the world’s highest household energy spending, at $1,926 per person in 2025.
Europe accounts for 24 of the top 30 countries, highlighting the region’s unusually high household energy costs.
The U.S. ranks 16th, while spending falls sharply across most emerging economies.
This visualization ranks select countries by annual household energy spending per person in 2025.
The figures include electricity, gas, heating, and other fuels used in the home, but exclude transportation costs.
European countries dominate the upper end of the ranking, while household energy spending is substantially lower across much of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
The data for this visualization comes from the International Energy Agency’s Household Energy Expenditure Database.
Europe Dominates the Top of the Ranking
Sweden ranks first, with annual household energy spending of $1,926 per person. Finland follows at $1,786, while Austria places third at $1,709.
View where all 66 countries from the analysis fall in the following table:
RankCountryEnergy spending per person, 2025 (USD)
1 Sweden$1,926
2 Finland$1,786
3 Austria$1,709
4 Denmark$1,583
5 Germany$1,450
6 Switzerland$1,388
7 Czechia$1,214
8 France$1,195
9 Italy$1,139
10 Netherlands$1,137
11 Greenland$1,132
12 Norway$1,127
13 Luxembourg$1,111
14 Belgium$1,107
15 Ireland$1,087
16 U.S.$1,042
17 UK$965
18 Cyprus$951
19 Slovenia$812
20 Poland$786
21 Greece$764
22 Canada$748
23 Spain$710
24 Moldova$695
25 Lithuania$692
26 Japan$683
27 New Zealand$675
28 Croatia$637
29 Portugal$633
30 Slovakia$594
31 Chile$587
32 Serbia$587
33 Uruguay$574
34 Romania$464
35 North Macedonia$451
36 Botswana$450
37 Bulgaria$444
38 Korea$428
39 Montenegro$424
40 Hungary$378
41 Singapore$342
42 Malta$318
43 Kosovo$294
44 Taiwan$273
45 Brazil$256
46 Albania$247
47 Costa Rica$213
48 Armenia$200
49 China$173
50 Philippines$160
51 Georgia$143
52 Ukraine$136
53 Türkiye$135
54 Dominican Republic$134
55 Belarus$123
56 Ecuador$119
57 Jordan$116
58 Kazakhstan$102
59 Viet Nam$95
60 Senegal$89
61 Tunisia$72
62 Pakistan$54
63 India$52
64 Egypt$35
65 Algeria$29
66 Bolivia$25
At the opposite end of the ranking, Bolivia records spending of just $25 per person, followed by Algeria at $29 and Egypt at $35.
Why Some Countries Spend More on Energy Bills
High household energy spending reflects a mix of factors rather than prices alone. Colder climates require more heating, higher incomes often support larger homes and greater energy use, including air conditioning, and many European countries also face relatively high retail electricity and gas prices.
Outside Europe, the United States, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Chile, and Uruguay are among the few economies appearing near the top of the ranking.
Even within Europe, spending varies considerably, reflecting differences in climate, fuel mix, housing efficiency, and government support.
North America Sits Below Europe’s Leaders
The United States ranks 16th, with household energy spending of $1,042 per person. This is less than Sweden’s total, but still significantly higher than spending across most of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Canada ranks 22nd at $748 per person, despite its colder climate.
Large Gaps Across Emerging Markets
Household energy spending drops sharply further down the ranking. China records annual spending of $173 per person, while India spends $52 and Pakistan spends $54. Several African countries appear near the bottom, including Senegal at $89, Tunisia at $72, Egypt at $35, and Algeria at $29.
Lower household energy spending should not be interpreted as greater efficiency. It can also reflect lower incomes, limited access to modern energy services, smaller living spaces, warmer climates, government subsidies, or lower electricity and fuel prices.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out Ranked: The World’s Biggest Electricity Consumers on Voronoi.
Ranked: The World’s Most Valuable Restaurant Chains
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Ranked: The World’s Most Valuable Restaurant Chains
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
McDonald’s is the world’s most valuable restaurant chain, with a market capitalization of $195.1 billion—more than the next eight companies combined.
Chipotle and Yum! Brands round out the top three, each valued at roughly $45 billion.
U.S.-based companies account for 11 of the world’s 20 most valuable public restaurant chains.
The global restaurant industry is dominated by a few multinational chains, especially American ones. One company sits well ahead of its competition.
This graphic ranks the top 20 public restaurant companies by market capitalization as of July 2026, using data from CompaniesMarketCap. Only publicly traded companies are included.
The Golden Arches and a Golden Valuation
At $195.1 billion, McDonald’s is valued at more than four times Chipotle, the second-largest company in the ranking. Its global franchise network, brand recognition, and consistent profitability have helped it build an unmatched valuation in the restaurant industry.
The table below ranks the most valuable restaurant companies by market capitalization as of July 2026.
RankRestaurant NameMarket Cap (billions $)
1 McDonald's195.1
2 Chipotle Mexican Grill45.2
3 Yum! Brands45.1
4 Restaurant Brands International34.3
5 Darden Restaurants23.4
6 Yum China14.8
7 Texas Roadhouse12.5
8 Domino's Pizza10
9 Zensho Holdings8.5
10 CAVA Group8.4
11 Brinker International7.9
12 Hai Di Lao Hot Pot7.6
13 Food & Life Companies6.8
14 McDonald's Japan6.3
15 Americana Restaurants International4.7
16 Wingstop Restaurants4.2
17 The Cheesecake Factory4.1
18 Skylark Holdings4.1
19 Jollibee2.7
20 Shake Shack2.5
McDonald’s was founded in 1940 by two brothers in San Bernardino, California, and expanded overseas within a few decades. The company now has more than 40,000 locations worldwide, with particularly large footprints in the U.S., China, and Japan.
The company’s Japanese subsidiary alone has a market capitalization of $6.3 billion. Den Fujita founded the local subsidiary and opened Japan’s first McDonald’s restaurant in 1971.
U.S. Restaurant Hegemony
The next two companies in the ranking, Chipotle ($45.2 billion) and Yum! Brands ($45.1 billion), are also based in the United States. Overall, American companies account for 11 of the top 20, including fast-growing CAVA ($8.4 billion).
Chipotle was founded as an early fast-casual restaurant in Denver, Colorado, in 1993. McDonald’s owned a 90% majority stake in the company before divesting in 2006.
Meanwhile, Yum! Brands is a Louisville-based fast-food corporation that owns major chains including Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, and Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC). Its Chinese subsidiary was spun off in 2016 and has a market capitalization of $14.8 billion a decade later.
The Most Valuable Non-American Restaurant Companies
Several international restaurant groups have also built multibillion-dollar valuations.
Restaurant Brands International (RBI) is a Canadian company valued at $34.3 billion that operates major restaurant chains including Burger King, Popeyes, and Tim Hortons. Americana Restaurants International, a UAE-based company valued at $4.7 billion, has similarly diverse fast-food holdings and is 50% owned by Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund.
Other highly valued restaurant companies are based in East Asia, including China’s Haidilao ($7.6 billion) and Japan’s Zensho Holdings ($8.5 billion).
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Curious how one Mediterranean-inspired entry on this list is growing so rapidly? Check out Cava is valued at $35M per restaurant on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Mapped: America’s Best States to Move to in 2026
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Mapped: America’s Best States to Move to in 2026
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
New Hampshire ranks as America’s best state to move to in 2026, driven by high scores in safety, healthcare and education, and quality of life.
New England dominates the rankings, with four states finishing in the national top 10.
California ranks last for affordability, while New Mexico finishes last overall after receiving the country’s lowest safety score.
From rising housing costs to job prospects, Americans have plenty to consider when deciding where to move.
Using data from ConsumerAffairs, this map ranks every U.S. state based on a weighted combination of affordability, safety, education and healthcare, economic strength, and quality of life.
Happy Living in the Granite State
With a nationwide-high score of 68.51, New Hampshire ranks as the best state to move to in 2026, placing highly in four of the five categories.
The small Northeastern state ranks second nationwide for both safety and quality of life, third for education and healthcare, and seventh for economic strength.
The table below ranks all 50 states by their overall composite scores, making it easy to see how your state compares nationally.
RankStateTotal Score
1New Hampshire68.51
2Utah66.22
3Idaho65.50
4Virginia62.37
5Maine61.86
6Massachusetts59.01
7South Dakota58.33
8Nebraska58.33
9Vermont58.15
10Wyoming57.40
11North Dakota57.36
12Iowa57.33
13Connecticut57.26
14Minnesota57.00
15Montana56.42
16Wisconsin56.11
17Rhode Island55.69
18Maryland55.51
19Pennsylvania54.84
20New Jersey54.22
21Florida54.06
22Colorado52.69
23Georgia51.74
24North Carolina51.53
25Indiana51.23
26Kentucky51.10
27Ohio50.72
28Delaware50.71
29Kansas50.30
30Hawaii49.97
31Washington49.67
32Alabama49.00
33Missouri48.34
34Illinois48.17
35West Virginia47.49
36Michigan47.45
37Texas47.38
38Tennessee46.73
39South Carolina46.53
40New York45.88
41Arizona45.62
42Oregon44.94
43Mississippi44.92
44Alaska44.06
45Nevada42.39
46Oklahoma39.96
47Arkansas39.76
48California38.06
49Louisiana33.45
50New Mexico28.99
Affordability is the only category in which New Hampshire places outside the top half of the country. There it ranks 26th nationwide, making it less affordable than many of its closest competitors.
Despite its cost-of-living challenges, New Hampshire’s strong safety and quality-of-life scores have helped it remain one of the fastest-growing states in the Northeast.
New England’s High Scores
Beyond New Hampshire, the wider New England region also performs strongly. Three other states place in the nation’s top quintile by overall score: Maine (61.86), Massachusetts (59.01), and Vermont (58.15).
New England performs particularly well in categories that matter to families. The region includes two of the country’s three safest states and two of its three highest-ranked states for quality of life.
Its strongest results come in education and healthcare, with four of the country’s five highest-ranked states located in New England.
The Mixed Results of the Big Four
California, Florida, New York, and Texas are home to four of the country’s largest state economies, but their results as destinations for movers vary widely.
New York (45.88), for example, ranks seventh in both quality of life and education and healthcare, but places lower in affordability and economic strength. Meanwhile, Florida (54.06) and Texas (47.38) score well for economic strength but rank lower in categories tied to public services.
California (38.06) ranks last in affordability and second-to-last in safety, ahead of only New Mexico (28.99). However, the Golden State still places among the country’s top 15 for quality of life.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Wondering how states compare on quality of life? Check out Massachusetts Ranked #1 Best State to Live on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Ranked: The World’s Most and Least Livable Cities in 2026
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The World’s Most and Least Livable Cities in 2026
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Copenhagen tops the EIU’s 2026 Global Liveability Index with a score of 98.
Europe and Australia account for seven of the world’s 10 highest-ranked cities.
Damascus ranks last among the 173 cities evaluated.
The Economist Intelligence Unit’s (EIU) Global Liveability Index measures quality of life across five categories: stability, healthcare, education, infrastructure, and culture.
This visualization compares the highest- and lowest-ranked cities in the 2026 edition of the index, revealing which urban centers provide the strongest living conditions—and which continue to be held back by conflict, political instability, or underdeveloped public services.
Copenhagen Takes the Top Spot
Copenhagen claimed the top spot with an overall score of 98 out of 100, becoming the first city outside Vienna to lead the EIU’s rankings in several years.
RankMost Livable CitiesCountryOverall Score (0-100)
1Copenhagen Denmark98
2Vienna Austria97
3Melbourne Australia97
4Sydney Australia97
5Zurich Switzerland96
6Geneva Switzerland96
7Osaka Japan96
8Adelaide Australia96
9Vancouver Canada96
10Tokyo Japan96
The Danish capital scored highly for its public services, safe neighborhoods, efficient transportation, healthcare, and environmental standards.
Vienna placed second, followed by Australia’s two largest cities, Melbourne and Sydney.
Europe and Australia Lead the Rankings
Cities in Europe and Australia continue to set the global benchmark for urban quality of life, supported by extensive public services, transportation networks, healthcare systems, and urban infrastructure.
Switzerland placed Zurich and Geneva in the top six, while Australia was represented by Melbourne, Sydney, and Adelaide.
Japan also performed strongly, with Osaka and Tokyo both earning scores of 96.
Vancouver was the only North American city to make the top 10, reflecting Canada’s continued reputation for urban livability.
Conflict and Instability Weigh on the Lowest-Ranked Cities
At the bottom of the index, conflict, political instability, economic pressures, and weak infrastructure can make it difficult to provide reliable public services.
Damascus received the lowest score at 32, followed by Tripoli and Dhaka.
RankLeast Liveable CitiesCountryOverall Score
164Tehran Iran45
165Harare Zimbabwe45
166Kyiv Ukraine45
167Port Moresby Papua New Guinea44
168Lagos Nigeria44
169Algiers Algeria43
170Karachi Pakistan43
171Dhaka Bangladesh42
172Tripoli Libya41
173Damascus Syria32
Cities including Kyiv, Tehran, Karachi, and Lagos also appeared near the bottom of the index. Many face security concerns or strained public services that reduce day-to-day quality of life.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, check out How Happy Are the World’s Population Giants? on Voronoi.
Mapped: The U.S. States Registering the Most New Cars
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Mapped: The U.S. States Registering the Most New Cars
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Oklahoma records nearly twice as many new vehicle registrations per resident as any other state, largely due to commercial fleet registrations.
Tax policies help push states such as New Hampshire and Montana toward the top of the ranking.
The map tracks where new vehicles are titled, not necessarily where Americans are buying the most cars.
The states registering the most new vehicles are not always the country’s largest auto markets.
Fleet activity, tax policies, and state registration rules can significantly influence where newly sold vehicles are titled, producing some surprising results.
This map shows new vehicle registrations per 1,000 residents across all 50 U.S. states in 2025. The data comes from S&P Global Mobility via F&I Tools, with population figures from the U.S. Census Bureau.
Why Oklahoma Tops the Ranking
Oklahoma records 148.1 new vehicle registrations per 1,000 residents, nearly double the rate of second-place Vermont and more than four times California’s rate.
The gap shows how registration policies can outweigh underlying consumer demand.
RankStateNew vehicle registrations per 1,000 residents (2025)
1Oklahoma148.1
2Vermont76.2
3New Hampshire71.6
4Florida63.6
5Montana60.6
6Michigan57.8
7New Jersey55.2
8North Dakota55.1
9Missouri52.6
10Arizona52.2
11Rhode Island51.3
12Texas50.4
13Delaware48.5
14Massachusetts48.3
15Nevada48.2
16Louisiana47.3
17Ohio47.1
18Georgia46.7
19Hawaii46.5
20Maine46.5
21California45.9
22Tennessee45.7
23Illinois45.5
24Pennsylvania45.2
25West Virginia45.1
26New York44.9
27Alaska44.5
28Arkansas43.7
29Alabama43.2
30North Carolina43.1
31Minnesota43.1
32Nebraska42.7
33Wisconsin42.5
34South Carolina42.2
35Utah41.9
36Wyoming41.9
37Virginia41.5
38Connecticut41.1
39Iowa39.9
40Idaho39.6
41Mississippi38.4
42New Mexico38.2
43Oregon37.5
44South Dakota37.5
45Colorado37
46Indiana36.9
47Maryland36.3
48Washington36
49Kansas35
50Kentucky33.9
Oklahoma’s ranking is largely explained by its vehicle registration system, which charges a flat, age-based fee instead of a value-based property tax.
This makes the state attractive to commercial fleets looking to title vehicles, substantially increasing the number of new vehicles registered there each year.
Tax Policies Shape the Leaderboard
Oklahoma is not the only outlier. Several other highly ranked states have policies that make them attractive places to register vehicles, including lower taxes, fewer fees, or specialized registration rules.
New Hampshire, which ranks third, has no statewide sales tax, reducing the upfront cost of purchasing a vehicle.
Montana has become well known for Limited Liability Company (LLC) structures that allow owners of luxury vehicles and RVs to register them without paying sales tax.
Florida, meanwhile, combines a lack of mandatory vehicle safety inspections with a large rental car industry and a sizable retiree population, helping it rank fourth nationally.
New Registrations Are Different From Vehicles Per Capita
These rankings capture one year of new registrations rather than the total number of vehicles on the road.
States with favorable registration policies can therefore rank much higher than their underlying consumer demand might suggest. For a broader view of vehicle ownership, see our previous graphic on America’s vehicles per capita.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
If you enjoyed today’s post, explore how electric vehicles accounted for one in four cars sold worldwide in 2025 on Voronoi.
America’s Largest Private Companies by Revenue
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America’s Largest Private Companies by Revenue
Key Takeaways
Cargill generates $154 billion in annual revenue, making it America’s largest private company.
Only Cargill and Koch exceed $100 billion in annual revenue.
More than half of the top 15 companies operate in food, grocery, or beverage-related industries.
Public companies often dominate headlines, but some of America’s biggest businesses remain privately held and largely out of the public eye.
This visualization ranks the 15 largest U.S. private companies by annual revenue using Forbes data as of December 2025.
While AI startups like OpenAI and Anthropic command enormous valuations, their revenues remain a fraction of those generated by long-established food, retail, and industrial companies.
Cargill: The Grain Giant
No private company generates more revenue than Cargill, at $154 billion annually.
That figure trails Amazon’s $717 billion in annual revenue, but Cargill’s sales still exceed those of many household-name public companies. The company has remained privately owned since its founding in 1865.
The following table ranks the largest U.S. private companies by annual revenue as of December 2025.
RankNameIndustryRevenue (billions $)
1CargillFood & Drink154
2KochMulticompany125
3Publix Super MarketsFood Markets59.7
4MarsFood & Drink55
5H-E-B Grocery CompanyFood Markets49.6
6Reyes HoldingsFood, Drink & Tobacco44
7Enterprise MobilityServices38
8Fidelity InvestmentsInsurance32.7
9Southern Glazer's Wine & SpiritsFood, Drink & Tobacco25
10Cox EnterprisesMedia23.5
11BechtelConstruction23
12Gordon Food ServiceFood, Drink & Tobacco23
13JM Family EnterprisesConsumer Durables22.8
14MeijerFood Markets22
15Love's Travel Stops & Country StoresConvenience Stores & Gas Stations21.6
Headquartered in Minnesota, Cargill is a major global producer of agricultural commodities such as grain, meat, and palm oil. It employs more than 150,000 people across 70 countries.
Cargill is one of the world’s largest food companies and is responsible for roughly one-quarter of all U.S. grain exports. It also operates a division dedicated to managing risk across international commodity markets.
The company is one of the Big Four meatpackers and produces more than one-fifth of all U.S. meat. As of 2026, the Cargill-MacMillan family continues to own more than 85% of the firm.
Top Revenues in the Food and Beverage Industry
Beyond Cargill, many of America’s largest private companies operate in food-related industries. Confectionery company Mars generates $55 billion in annual revenue and is best known for brands such as Snickers, M&M’s, and Skittles. It is also a major pet food manufacturer.
Other leading private food companies include Publix Super Markets ($59.7 billion), H-E-B Grocery Company ($49.6 billion), Reyes Holdings ($44 billion), Southern Glazer’s Wine & Spirits ($25 billion), Gordon Food Service ($23 billion), and Meijer ($22 billion).
Food companies dominate the ranking because they operate in essential, high-volume markets with steady demand. Commodity producers, grocery chains, and food distributors process enormous sales volumes, allowing their revenues to rival or exceed those of many large public corporations.
The Top Non-Food Private Companies
Koch, Inc. generates $125 billion in annual revenue, making it the largest private company outside the food and beverage sector. The Wichita-based conglomerate operates through dozens of subsidiaries spanning energy, paper, chemicals, fertilizer, finance, and other industries.
Enterprise Mobility generates $38 billion in annual revenue and controls roughly 40% of the car-rental market, making it the industry leader. It is followed by financial services company Fidelity Investments, which generates $32.7 billion and is one of the world’s largest asset managers.
Several lesser-known companies also rank highly. Bechtel, for example, generates $23 billion in annual revenue and is the second-largest construction company in the United States.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To see how private companies are using mergers and acquisitions to grow, read Record-breaking private company M&A on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Mapped: Where People Think Quality of Life Is Best
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Mapped: Where People Think Quality of Life Is Best
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Sweden ranks first for perceived quality of life in the 2026 Best Countries Index, ahead of Denmark and Canada.
Canada is the highest-ranked country in the Americas, while the U.S. ranks below every other G7 nation.
Eight of the world’s top 10 countries are in Europe, reflecting the region’s strong global reputation for quality of life.
If you could live anywhere in the world, where would you choose?
The 2026 Best Countries Index from The Wharton School reveals where people around the world believe quality of life is highest. Based on responses from more than 15,000 adults across 33 countries, the rankings measure international perceptions of 85 nations.
Rather than relying solely on economic or demographic indicators, the index reflects how countries are viewed across factors including affordability, job opportunities, family friendliness, political stability, and overall well-being.
What the Top-Ranked Countries Have in Common
Stable institutions, high levels of trust, and strong public services have helped countries such as Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland build reputations as some of the world’s most desirable places to live.
In the table below, countries are scored relative to Sweden, which ranks first with a score of 100.
RankCountry2026 Quality of Life Score
1 Sweden100.0
2 Denmark98.2
3 Canada95.0
4 Switzerland94.8
5 Finland92.4
6 Norway92.4
7 Netherlands90.8
8 Australia87.5
9 Germany82.9
10 Belgium78.6
11 Austria76.7
12 New Zealand74.0
13 UK73.7
14 Japan73.4
15 Luxembourg69.9
16 Ireland63.5
17 Singapore61.6
18 Poland59.6
19 Spain56.7
20 France56.2
21 Portugal56.1
22 Iceland55.8
23 UAE52.2
24 South Korea51.7
25 Italy49.9
26 China49.8
27 U.S.48.6
28 Greece36.2
29 Saudi Arabia35.6
30 Czechia32.3
31 Thailand31.5
32 Malaysia30.8
33 Hungary28.3
34 Türkiye26.4
35 Croatia26.2
36 Indonesia24.7
37 Vietnam24.1
38 Kuwait23.4
39 Mexico22.8
40 Slovenia22.4
41 Romania21.8
42 Latvia21.6
43 Malta21.2
44 Philippines21.0
45 Bulgaria20.8
46 India20.5
47 Slovakia19.9
48 Morocco19.7
49 Argentina18.4
50 Bahrain18.3
51 Egypt18.3
52 Cyprus18.2
53 Brazil17.9
54 Russia17.3
55 Estonia17.1
56 Uruguay15.7
57 Chile15.6
58 Lithuania14.9
59 Oman14.7
60 Costa Rica13.5
61 Tunisia12.7
62 Peru12.1
63 Israel11.9
64 Cambodia11.8
65 Bangladesh11.3
66 Panama10.8
67 Jordan10.6
68 Dominican Republic9.9
69 Colombia9.7
70 Ecuador9.3
71 Sri Lanka9.2
72 Guatemala9.1
73 South Africa8.6
74 Serbia8.6
75 Kenya8.5
76 Belarus8.2
77 Algeria8.0
78 Ghana8.0
79 Uzbekistan7.3
80 Azerbaijan7.0
81 Cameroon6.5
82 Kazakhstan4.4
83 Lebanon4.1
84 Iran1.8
85 Ukraine0.0
Nordic countries have also topped the World Happiness Report for years, suggesting that their strong global reputations are supported by consistently high levels of life satisfaction.
The Exceptions to Europe’s Dominance
Canada ranks third overall, making it the highest-ranked country in the Americas. Australia is the only other country outside Europe to reach the global top 10, breaking up an otherwise heavily European leaderboard.
The U.S. ranks behind every other G7 economy after falling 10 places since 2018. The result shows how international perceptions can differ from economic size or geopolitical influence.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the world’s most prosperous countries in 2026.
Mapped: The Share of Seniors in Every U.S. State
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Mapped: The Share of Seniors in Every U.S. State
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Key Takeaways
Maine has the highest share of seniors in the country, with 23.5% of residents aged 65 or older.
Seniors account for more than one in five residents across much of the Northeast, as well as Florida and several Western states.
Utah has the lowest share of seniors, at 12.4%, roughly half of Maine’s share.
America’s population is aging, but the trend looks very different from one state to the next.
Using the latest U.S. Census Bureau data via USAFacts, this map shows the share of residents aged 65 and older in every state.
These differences have growing implications for healthcare, housing, public services, and the workforce.
The States With the Highest Share of Seniors
The Northeast is home to many of the states with the highest shares of seniors. Maine (23.5%), Vermont (22.9%), Delaware (21.7%), and New Hampshire (21.5%) all rank near the top. Florida and Hawaii also stand out, with retirees helping to push their senior shares above one in five.
RankStateShare of Population
(Aged 65+, 2024)Total Senior Population
(2024)
1Maine23.5%330K
2Vermont22.9%148K
3West Virginia21.9%387K
4Florida21.8%5.1M
5Delaware21.7%228K
6Hawaii21.5%311K
7New Hampshire21.5%303K
8Montana21.2%241K
9Pennsylvania20.4%2.7M
10New Mexico20.1%429K
11Wyoming20.0%117K
12Oregon19.9%850K
13South Carolina19.8%1.1M
14Rhode Island19.8%220K
15Arizona19.7%1.5M
16Michigan19.6%2.0M
17Wisconsin19.6%1.2M
18Connecticut19.4%713K
19Ohio19.1%2.3M
20South Dakota19.0%176K
21New York18.9%3.8M
22Iowa18.9%613K
23Massachusetts18.7%1.3M
24Missouri18.7%1.2M
25Alabama18.5%955K
26Minnesota18.2%1.1M
27Arkansas18.2%563K
28Mississippi18.1%531K
29New Jersey18.0%1.7M
30Kentucky18.0%826K
31Kansas18.0%534K
32Illinois17.9%2.3M
33North Carolina17.9%2.0M
34Louisiana17.8%820K
35Idaho17.8%356K
36Virginia17.6%1.6M
37Tennessee17.6%1.3M
38Indiana17.6%1.2M
39Maryland17.6%1.1M
40Nevada17.6%575K
41North Dakota17.6%140K
42Nebraska17.4%348K
43Washington17.3%1.4M
44Oklahoma16.9%692K
45California16.5%6.5M
46Colorado16.5%980K
47Georgia15.8%1.8M
48Alaska14.8%109K
49Texas14.0%4.4M
50District of Columbia12.9%91K
51Utah12.4%435K
-- U.S. Average17.7%61.2M
At the other end of the ranking, fast-growing states with younger populations, including Utah and Texas, remain well below the national average. Migration patterns and birth rates continue to shape these demographic differences.
Overall, the senior share in Maine is nearly twice as high as in Utah, illustrating the wide age gap between states.
Why America’s Population Is Aging
Several long-term demographic trends are pushing America’s population older.
The Baby Boomer generation is entering retirement, Americans are living longer, and birth rates have fallen to historic lows. At the same time, retiree migration is increasing the share of older residents in some states, while younger adults are concentrating in fast-growing metro areas.
The demographic balance is nearing a historic turning point. By 2034, older adults are projected to outnumber children nationwide for the first time.
These shifts are already reshaping demand for healthcare, housing, and public services. They also help explain why some states are aging faster than others and why the gaps may continue to widen.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on immigration’s role in state population growth.
The Only Region Gaining Foreign Investment in 2026
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The Only Region Gaining Foreign Investment in 2026
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Global greenfield investment projects fell 17.5% year over year from March to May 2026.
North America was the only region to record an increase, with project announcements rising 4.2%.
The Middle East recorded the sharpest decline, with new projects down 67.1%.
Companies announced far fewer foreign investment projects in early 2026 as geopolitical uncertainty weighed on business confidence worldwide. North America was the only major region to attract more greenfield investment projects than a year earlier.
This graphic compares foreign direct investment (FDI) project announcements across global regions from March to May 2026 with the same period in 2025, using preliminary data from fDi Intelligence.
North America: The Safe Haven
North America recorded 1,517 greenfield FDI project announcements between March and May, up 4.2% from the same period in 2025. It was also the only region to post year-over-year growth.
The table below shows the number of FDI project announcements in each region in 2025 and 2026.
Region2025 FDI
(# of projects, Mar-May)2026 FDI
(# of projects, Mar-May)YoY change
(%)
North America1,4561,5174.2
Latin America and the Caribbean378345-8.7
Asia-Pacific998883-11.5
Africa208183-12.0
Western Europe1,235940-23.9
Emerging Europe315206-34.6
Middle East580191-67.1
Global Total5,1704,265-17.5
Despite this growth, North America has still experienced some cooling in investor interest. Its 2026 project total remains 1.5% below the post-COVID average from 2021 to 2025.
Even so, North America has performed better than every other region. The shortfall from its recent average shows that the continent, amid trade tensions and political challenges, is not immune to broader investor caution.
The Gulf’s War Problem
At the opposite end of the ranking, the Middle East recorded a 67.1% decline in new project announcements, the steepest drop of any region. Just 191 projects were announced in early 2026, compared with 580 in the same period of 2025.
For decades, Gulf states such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates have cultivated global reputations for stability and investor safety. However, the multi-month Iran War has disrupted that perception and prompted investors to reassess risks across the broader Middle East.
An eventual ceasefire and the resumption of steady trade through the Strait of Hormuz could help restore investor confidence, particularly in the Gulf states.
Tough Times for Global Investment
Every other region fell between North America and the Middle East in terms of 2026 performance. Emerging Europe recorded a 34.6% decline in greenfield project announcements as the Russia-Ukraine war entered its fourth year.
Even relatively peaceful regions saw investment activity decline. Western Europe posted a 23.9% year-over-year drop, while Africa and Asia-Pacific each recorded declines of roughly 12%.
Latin America and the Caribbean performed best outside North America, with project announcements falling a comparatively modest 8.7%. Its distance from major geopolitical fault lines in Eastern Europe and the Middle East may have helped limit the decline.
Overall, every major region except North America recorded fewer greenfield investment announcements than a year earlier. The pattern highlights how geopolitical uncertainty and weaker business confidence weighed on cross-border investment in early 2026.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
Wondering where businesses are allocating this capital? Check out The Top 10 Sectors for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Voronoi, the new app from Visual Capitalist.
Ranked: Countries With the Biggest Declines in Academic Freedom
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Ranked: Countries With the Biggest Declines in Academic Freedom
See visuals like this from many other data creators on our Voronoi app. Download it for free on iOS or Android and discover incredible data-driven charts from a variety of trusted sources.
Key Takeaways
Nicaragua, Myanmar, and Afghanistan recorded the world’s steepest declines in academic freedom between 2015 and 2025.
Academic freedom declined in 67% of countries over the past decade, according to the V-Dem Academic Freedom Index.
The U.S. dropped from 27th to 116th globally, making it one of the most notable declines among advanced economies.
Academic freedom reflects the ability of universities and scholars to research, teach, publish, and exchange ideas without political interference.
Using data from the V-Dem Institute via Our World in Data, this graphic ranks countries by the percentage change in their Academic Freedom Index scores between 2015 and 2025.
Where Academic Freedom Has Fallen Fastest
The ranking below shows the 30 countries that experienced the largest percentage declines between 2015 and 2025.
CountryChange (2015-2025)2015 Index2025 Index
Nicaragua-95%0.420.02
Myanmar-94%0.350.02
Afghanistan-83%0.510.09
El Salvador-80%0.810.17
Chad-76%0.560.13
Palestine/Gaza-72%0.380.10
Türkiye-68%0.280.09
Mali-67%0.850.28
Belarus-67%0.180.06
India-66%0.410.14
Uganda-58%0.470.20
U.S.-57%0.920.40
Hong Kong-57%0.550.24
Venezuela-57%0.300.13
Indonesia-56%0.740.33
Comoros-53%0.640.30
Russia-53%0.380.18
Jordan-53%0.370.17
Pakistan-52%0.560.27
Iran-52%0.120.06
Gabon-49%0.840.43
Ukraine-49%0.550.28
Zanzibar-49%0.460.23
Central African Republic-47%0.620.33
Hungary-43%0.520.30
Qatar-43%0.170.10
Cambodia-42%0.370.22
Cameroon-41%0.350.21
China-40%0.120.07
Kyrgyzstan-39%0.620.38
Nicaragua recorded the largest decline, with its index score falling 95% between 2015 and 2025. The government of Daniel Ortega has targeted universities connected to anti-government protests, revoking their legal status and, in some cases, closing them entirely.
Myanmar and Afghanistan followed with declines of 94% and 83%, respectively. Both countries experienced high levels of corruption and major political upheaval during the period, including Myanmar’s 2021 military coup and the Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan.
Most countries experiencing the steepest declines are emerging or developing economies. However, the inclusion of the U.S. and Hong Kong shows that growing political pressure on universities is not confined to one region or income group.
Why the U.S. Stands Out
The U.S. decline is especially notable given the country’s global influence in research and higher education.
American universities dominate many international rankings, attract scholars from around the world, and account for a significant share of scientific research and innovation. Federal funding restrictions, scrutiny of universities, and policies affecting international students and researchers have added to the uncertainty.
Moreover, nearly half of U.S. states have enacted laws or policies that censor higher education since 2021. These measures have targeted classroom instruction, tenure, faculty governance, and institutional control over curricula.
Why It Matters Beyond Campus
Academic freedom affects more than speech on university campuses. Universities produce research, train skilled workers, attract global talent, and support innovation.
Political pressure can shape which questions researchers pursue, whether controversial findings are published, and how freely scholars collaborate internationally.
For research-intensive economies, these constraints can have consequences for innovation, talent attraction, and long-term economic competitiveness.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic showing how quality of life has changed across 30 economies over the past decade.
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